Automated Integration of Multimodal MRI for the Probabilistic Detection of the Central Vein Sign in White Matter Lesions

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Fig 1.
A, Axial slice of a lesion on T2-FLAIR volume. B, Axial slice of a lesion on T2*-EPI volume. C, MIMoSA lesion-probability map. D, Distance-to-lesion-boundary mask with the vesselness filter overlay. The lesion-level CVS probability following permutation was 0.975.
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Fig 2.
Boxplots of the patient-level central vein sign biomarker score by diagnostic group. The score can be interpreted as the proportion of lesions that are CVS+ according to the method described in this article. Groups shaded gray do not have an MS diagnosis, whereas groups shaded gold do. A, Boxplots for the unweighted biomarker. B, Boxplots for the noise-weighted biomarker. Points outside the boxplots represent outliers within their respective groups.
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Fig 3.
Receiver operating characteristic curves of MS diagnosis based on patient-level automated CVS biomarker scores. The receiver operating characteristic curve for the unweighted biomarker is shaded blue, and the receiver operating characteristic curve for the weighted biomarker is shaded green. The area under the curve (AUC) values for both curves are displayed in their respective colors.

Table 1:

Demographics of the study sample^{^a}

Table 2:

Diagnostic performance of weighted and unweighted biomarkers^{^a}