Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Cranial MR imaging in the BRAVO 3D sequence showing the protocol of measurement of the midbrain and pons areas (A), width of the middle cerebellar peduncle (B), and width of the superior cerebellar peduncle (C).
- Fig 2.
Cranial MR imaging of a 31-year-old woman with Wilson disease shows increased pons-to-midbrain areas (4.59 mm2) (A), reduced width of the middle cerebellar peduncle (8 mm) (B), and a reduced width of superior cerebellar peduncle (2.3 mm) (C). Her MR Parkinsonism index was increased (16.9). She had impaired postural reflex.
- Fig 3.
Error bar diagram shows the MR Parkinsonism index and its indices in patients with Wilson disease with postural reflex abnormality compared with patients with WD with normal postural reflex (PRN) and healthy controls. The midbrain area was reduced in patients with WD with and without postural reflex abnormality (PRA), but MRPI and pons-to-midbrain areas were increased and the width of the superior and middle cerebellar peduncles was decreased in patients with WD with postural reflex abnormality but not patients with normal postural reflex compared with controls.
Tables
Comparison of MRI morphometric parameters between patients with Wilson disease with neurologic manifestation and healthy controls
Serial No. Parameters Wilson Disease (n = 13) Controls (n = 6) P Value 1 Age (mean) (yr) 23.15 ± 8.72 20.50 ± 6.60 .54 2 Female/male 5:8 2:4 1.00 3 MB area (mean) (mm2) 112.08 ± 27.94 171.95 ± 23.66 .002 4 Pons area (mean) (mm2) 402.45 ± 45.47 469.27 ± 45.62 .02 5 Right MCP (mean) (mm) 8.68 ± 0.76 9.78 ± 1.01 .04 6 Left MCP (mean) (mm) 8.72 ± 0.93 9.73 ± 1.15 .07 7 Mean MCP (mean) (mm) 8.70 ± 0.81 9.76 ± 1.12 .06 8 Right SCP (mean) (mm) 2.90 ± 0.53 3.65 ± 0.58 .03 9 Left SCP (mean) (mm) 3.12 ± 0.49 3.73 ± 0.55 .06 10 Mean SCP (mean) (mm) 3.01 ± 0.50 3.71 ± 0.57 .03 11 Pons area/MB area (mean) (mm) 3.75 ± 0.78 2.75 ± 0.20 .004 12 MCP/SCP (mean) (mm) 2.96 ± 0.56 2.67 ± 0.44 .22 13 MR parkinsonism indexa 11.01 ± 2.99 7.31 ± 1.20 .002 Note:—MB indicates midbrain.
↵a MR Parkinsonism index = (Pons area / MB area) × (MCP width / SCP width).
