Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
DSA (A) and 3D-TOF-MRA (C) with respective magnifications (B and D) of a patient with primary central nervous system vasculitis. A near-occlusive stenotic lesion of the proximal middle cerebral artery segment extending to both superficial branches with a pseudodilation of the bifurcation is shown. Arterial lumen irregularities are also observed in A2 segments of both anterior cerebral arteries.
- Fig 2.
DSA (A) and 3D-TOF-MRA (C) with respective magnifications (B and D) of a patient with primary central nervous system vasculitis. Subtle irregularities of the arterial lumen of the A2–A3 segments of the left anterior cerebral artery are shown in a patient with otherwise near-occlusive stenoses of left intracranial internal carotid artery extending to the initial portion of the left MCA.
Tables
- Table 1:
Characteristics at diagnosis of the 31 patients with primary central nervous system vasculitisa
Characteristics Total (n = 31) Unenrolled Patients (n = 54) P Value Demographic data Age (yr) 42 (24–65) 46 (18–79) .73 Male/female 16:15 28:26 .98 Clinical manifestations Headaches 17 (55) 42 (78) .03 Focal deficits 26 (84) 43 (80) .63 Seizures 9 (29) 22 (41) .28 Cognitive impairment 7 (23) 26 (48) .02 Loss of consciousness 3 (10) 19 (35) .01 Psychiatric disorders 6 (19) 13 (24) .61 C-reactive protein, (mg/L) 3 (0–47) 5 (1–95) .13 Abnormal CSF 18/29 (62) 35/53 (66) .13 Leukocyte count (/mm3) 6 (1–100) 8 (0–250) .07 Protein concentration (mg/mL) 0.6 (0.2–4.1) 0.7 (0.1–2.8) .19 Abnormal brain biopsy findings 8/16 (50) 18/26 (69) .32 Abnormal DSA findings 25 (81) 26/41 (63) .13 Abnormal MRA findings 24 (77) 25/44 (57) .09 ↵a Unless otherwise indicated, values are an absolute number (%) or median (range).
- Table 2:
Concordance between 1.5T/3T MRA and DSA on cerebral vascular segments in primary central nervous system vasculitis
1.5T MR (κ; 95% CI) 3T MR (κ; 95% CI) Intracranial internal carotid artery 1 1 A1 0.90 (0.73–1) 0.90 (0.75–1) A2 0.83 (0.59–1) 0.83 (0.51–1) >A2 0.57 (0.34–0.72) 0.86 (0.60–1) M1 0.94 (0.81–1) 1 M2 0.90 (0.76–1) 0.91 (0.82–1) >M2 0.69 (0.41–0.97) 0.74 (0.42–1) P1 1 1 P2 0.60 (0.20–0.98) 1 >P2 0.64 (0.18–1) 1 V4 0.66 (0.38–1) 0.86 (0.62–1) BA 0.83 (0.50–1) 1 PICA/AICA/SCA 0.88 (0.63–1) 1 Note:—BA indicates basilar artery.
- Table 3:
Diagnostic performance of 1.5T and 3T 3D-TOF-MRA in primary central nervous system vasculitis compared with DSA
Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) Accuracy (%) PPV NPV Diagnosis per patient 96 (24/25) 100 (6/6) 96.77 (30/31) 100 85.7 Diagnosis per segment on all MR units (n = 31) 83.3 (116/141) 98.9 (627/634) 95.9 (743/775) 94.3 96.2 1.5 MR units (n = 20) 81.5 (75/92) 98.5 (402/408) 95.4 (477/500) 92.6 95.9 3T MR units (n = 11) 83.7 (41/49) 99.6 (225/226) 96.7 (266/275) 97.6 96.6 Note:—PPV indicates positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.
