Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Flow chart diagram presenting the selection of eligible studies. EVD indicates external ventricular drain.
- Fig 2.
Sensitivity and specificity ratios of individual studies, with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. TP indicates true-positive; FP, positive; FN, false-negative; TN, true-negative.
- Fig 3.
Pooled sensitivity (A) and specificity (B) of eligible studies reporting both diagnostic accuracy testing parameters.
- Fig 4.
The summary receiver operating characteristic curve with its corresponding 95% confidence interval of the diagnostic threshold of transcranial Doppler in the diagnosis of brain death.
Tables
Quality assessment of eligible studies
Risk of Bias Applicability Concerns Patient Selection Index Test Reference Standard Flow and Timing Patient Selection Index Test Reference Standard Abadal et al26 L H L L L Ha L Azevedo et al27 Hb H L L L L L de Freitas and André28 L H L Hc L L L Dominguez-Roldan et al29 L H L L L L L Dosemeci et al30 L H L Hc L L L Ducrocq et al31 L H L L L L L Feri et al32 L H L L L L L Hadani et al33 L H L L Ud L L Hassler et al34 He H L L Ud L L Kuo et al35 L H L L L L L Lampl et al36 L H L L L L L Newell et al37 L H L L Ud L L Orban et al38 He H L L L L L Paolin et al39 L H L L L L L Petty et al40 L H L L L L L Poularas et al41 L H L Hc L L L Powers et al42 L H L L Ud L L Su et al43 He H L L L L L Van Velthoven and Calliauw44 L H L L L L L Wang et al45 L H L L Ud L L Welschehold et al46 L H L L L L L Zurynski et al47 L H L L Ud L L Note:—L indicates low-risk; H, high-risk; U, unclear.
↵a Used alternative TCD index tests: contrast-induced TCD.
↵b Did not enroll patients when TCD windows could not be obtained.
↵c Patients were excluded from analysis.
↵d Subset of the population explored included children (younger than 18 years); not enough information provided to differentiate how many children were included in the study.
↵e Of the total number of patients clinically diagnosed with brain death, only a portion of these patients underwent TCD.
