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Research ArticleSpine

Spatial Normalization and Regional Assessment of Cord Atrophy: Voxel-Based Analysis of Cervical Cord 3D T1-Weighted Images

P. Valsasina, M.A. Horsfield, M.A. Rocca, M. Absinta, G. Comi and M. Filippi
American Journal of Neuroradiology December 2012, 33 (11) 2195-2200; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3139
P. Valsasina
aNeuroimaging Research Unit (P.V., M.A.R., M.A., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology
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M.A. Horsfield
cMedical Physics Group (M.A.H.), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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M.A. Rocca
aNeuroimaging Research Unit (P.V., M.A.R., M.A., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology
bDepartment of Neurology (M.A.R., M.A., G.C., M.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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M. Absinta
aNeuroimaging Research Unit (P.V., M.A.R., M.A., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology
bDepartment of Neurology (M.A.R., M.A., G.C., M.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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G. Comi
bDepartment of Neurology (M.A.R., M.A., G.C., M.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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M. Filippi
aNeuroimaging Research Unit (P.V., M.A.R., M.A., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology
bDepartment of Neurology (M.A.R., M.A., G.C., M.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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  • Fig 1.
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    Fig 1.

    A, Coronal, sagittal, and axial views of the cervical cord template created as average of the 83 healthy subjects included in the study. B, Coronal, sagittal, and axial sections (at different cervical cord levels) of the corresponding color-coded normalized region-label mask reporting the 24 reference anatomic regions. Areas outside the cervical cord were masked out.

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    Fig 2.

    Coronal, sagittal, and axial views of the mean cord tissue probability map for the 83 study subjects.

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    Fig 3.

    Significant clusters of correlation between cervical cord atrophy and subject age, corrected for the possible confounding effects of sex and total cord volume (P < .001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons; cluster extent, k ≥ 20) with the different smoothing options applied to our cervical cord masks. A, Isotropic Gaussian kernels with FWHM ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 mm3. B, Anisotropic Gaussian kernels with FWHM ranging from 0.5 × 0.5 × 1 mm3 to 2 × 2 × 3 mm3.

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  • Significant clusters of correlation between cord atrophy and aging revealed by voxel-based analyses with different smoothing optionsa

    Smoothing-Kernel WidthPeak LocationsP ValueT ValueκR% Voxels% Voxels
    APR-L
    0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm3AR-C5<.0013.931−0.4131/06/25
    1 × 1 × 1 mm3AR-C4<.0013.832−0.4073/08/65
    AR-C5<.0013.941−0.40
    1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 mm3AR-C4<.0013.747−0.39103/016/87
    AR-C5<.0013.856−0.40
    2 × 2 × 2 mm3AR-C4<.0014.276−0.44140/026/115
    AL-C5<.0014.164−0.42
    2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5 mm3AL-C4<.0014.591−0.46149/033/116
    AL-C5<.0014.158−0.42
    0.5 × 0.5 × 1 mm3AR-C5<.0013.929−0.4029/05/24
    1 × 1 × 2 mm3AR-C4<.0013.842−0.3989/013/76
    AR-C5<.0013.847−0.40
    1.5 × 1.5 × 2.5 mm3PR-C1/C2<.0013.620−0.37117/2023/114
    AR-C4<.0013.752−0.39
    AR-C5<.0013.865−0.40
    2 × 2 × 3 mm3AR C4<.0014.1150−0.43150/035/115
    AL C5<.0014.3−0.45
    • ↵a Multiple regression with age corrected for sex and total cord volume, P < .001; uncorrected for multiple comparisons, cluster extent κ ≥ 20.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 33 (11)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 33, Issue 11
1 Dec 2012
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Cite this article
P. Valsasina, M.A. Horsfield, M.A. Rocca, M. Absinta, G. Comi, M. Filippi
Spatial Normalization and Regional Assessment of Cord Atrophy: Voxel-Based Analysis of Cervical Cord 3D T1-Weighted Images
American Journal of Neuroradiology Dec 2012, 33 (11) 2195-2200; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3139

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Spatial Normalization and Regional Assessment of Cord Atrophy: Voxel-Based Analysis of Cervical Cord 3D T1-Weighted Images
P. Valsasina, M.A. Horsfield, M.A. Rocca, M. Absinta, G. Comi, M. Filippi
American Journal of Neuroradiology Dec 2012, 33 (11) 2195-2200; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3139
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