Section Editors: Matylda Machnowska1 and Anvita Pauranik2
1University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
A 12-year-old boy with a chronic condition that started at 13 months of age presenting as difficulty balancing, which led to increasing falls; over the years, the patient developed cerebellar ataxia and hyperreflexia in the lower extremities.
A 7-year-old girl with no past medical history presents with 5 months of intermittent nausea, vomiting, headache, and vision changes.
A 67-year-old woman with a history of dementia and end-stage renal disease presents to the emergency department after a fall. A–E: February–March 2021. F: Comparison study from December 2013
An 85-year-old nonverbal woman with altered mental status, right-sided weakness, and seizure
A 15-year-old girl with headache, vomiting, seizures, and behavior disorder for 6 months
A 56-year-old man with 2 months of headaches and progressive mild left-sided weakness; MRI studies are shown below.
A 70-year-old man with type 2 diabetes and hypertension presents to the ED with a 12-day history of abnormal involuntary left arm movements with progressive strength that disappeared during sleep, and 3 days of similar symptoms in the left leg. At admission, glucose is 241 mg/dL, HbA1c is 14%, ketones are not present in the urine sample, and pH is normal.
An 11-month-old female infant (born at term by normal vaginal delivery) with developmental delay; on examination she had microcephaly, hypotonia in all 4 limbs, and was unable to hold her neck.
