Carotid Plaque Composition Assessed by CT Predicts Subsequent Cardiovascular Events among Subjects with Carotid Stenosis

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Baber U,
   2. Mehran R,
   3. Sartori S, et al

   . Prevalence, impact, and predictive value of detecting subclinical coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in asymptomatic adults: the BioImage study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015;65:1065–74 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.01.017 pmid:25790876

   FREE Full Text
2. 2.↵
   1. Lahoz C,
   2. Mostaza JM

   . Atherosclerosis as a systemic disease. Rev Esp Cardiol 2007;60:184–95 doi:10.1157/13099465

   CrossRefPubMed
3. 3.↵
   1. Kwon H,
   2. Kim HK,
   3. Kwon SU, et al

   . Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in subjects with asymptomatic mild carotid artery stenosis. Sci Rep 2018;8:4700 doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23125-8 pmid:29549324

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   1. Sutton-Tyrrell K,
   2. Wolfson SK,
   3. Thompson T, et al

   . Measurement variability in duplex scan assessment of carotid atherosclerosis. Stroke 1992;23:215–20 doi:10.1161/01.str.23.2.215 pmid:1561650

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
5. 5.↵
   1. Spence JD

   . Cerebrovascular disease: Identifying high-risk patients from carotid plaque composition. Nat Rev Cardiol 2010;7:426–28 doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2010.100 pmid:20657611

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. 6.↵
   1. Saba L,
   2. Sanfilippo R,
   3. Sannia S, et al

   . Association between carotid artery plaque volume, composition, and ulceration: a retrospective assessment with MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012;199:151–56 doi:10.2214/AJR.11.6955 pmid:22733906

   CrossRefPubMed
7. 7.↵
   1. Kwee RM,
   2. van Oostenbrugge RJ,
   3. Hofstra L, et al

   . Identifying vulnerable carotid plaques by noninvasive imaging. Neurology 2008;70:2401–09 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000314697.76580.cb pmid:18541873

   CrossRefPubMed
8. 8.↵
   1. Christiansen MK,
   2. Jensen JM,
   3. Nørgaard BL, et al

   . Coronary plaque burden and adverse plaque characteristics are increased in healthy relatives of patients with early onset coronary artery disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2017;10:1128–35 doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2016.10.014 pmid:28109934

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
9. 9.↵
   1. Brott TG,
   2. Halperin JL,
   3. Abbara S, et al

   ; American Academy of Neurology and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. 2011 ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/AANS/ACR/ASNR/CNS/SAIP/SCAI/SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease: executive summary. Stroke 2011;42:e420–63 doi:10.1161/STR.0b013e3182112d08 pmid:21282494

   FREE Full Text
10. 10.↵
    1. Wintermark M,
    2. Jawadi SS,
    3. Rapp JH, et al

    . High-resolution CT imaging of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008;29:875–82 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A0950 pmid:18272562

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. 11.↵
    1. Mosleh W,
    2. Adib K,
    3. Natdanai P, et al

    . High-risk carotid plaques identified by CT-angiogram can predict acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017;33:561–68 doi:10.1007/s10554-016-1019-5 pmid:27866279

    CrossRefPubMed
12. 12.↵
    1. Otsuka K,
    2. Fukuda S,
    3. Tanaka A, et al

    . Napkin-ring sign on coronary CT angiography for the prediction of acute coronary syndrome. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:448–57 doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.09.016 pmid:23498679

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
13. 13.↵
    1. Zhang F,
    2. Yang L,
    3. Gan L, et al

    . Spotty calcium on cervicocerebral computed tomography angiography associates with increased risk of ischemic stroke. Stroke 2019;50:859–66 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023273 pmid:30879439

    CrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    1. Agatston AS,
    2. Janowitz WR,
    3. Hildner FJ, et al

    . Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;15:827–32 doi:10.1016/0735-1097(90)90282-T pmid:2407762

    FREE Full Text
15. 15.↵
    1. Anderson JL,
    2. Adams CD,
    3. Antman EM, et al

    ; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction); American College of Emergency Physicians; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; Society of Thoracic Surgeons; American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:e1–157 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.013 pmid:17692738

    FREE Full Text
16. 16.↵
    1. Koo TK,
    2. Li MY

    . A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med 2016;15:155–63 doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012 pmid:27330520

    CrossRefPubMed
17. 17.↵
    1. Kopczak A,
    2. Schindler A,
    3. Bayer-Karpinska A, et al

    . Complicated carotid artery plaques as a cause of cryptogenic stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020;76:2212–22 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.09.532 pmid:33153580

    CrossRefPubMed
18. 18.↵
    1. van Dijk AC,
    2. Truijman MT,
    3. Hussain B, et al

    . Intraplaque hemorrhage and the plaque surface in carotid atherosclerosis: the Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK). AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015;36:2127–33 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4414 pmid:26251429

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
19. 19.↵
    1. Steinvil A,
    2. Sadeh B,
    3. Bornstein NM, et al

    . Impact of carotid atherosclerosis on the risk of adverse cardiac events in patients with and without coronary disease. Stroke 2014;45:2311–17 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.005663 pmid:24938841

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
20. 20.↵
    1. Lombardo A,
    2. Biasucci LM,
    3. Lanza GA, et al

    . Inflammation as a possible link between coronary and carotid plaque instability. Circulation 2004;109:3158–63 doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000130786.28008.56 pmid:15184282

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
21. 21.↵
    1. Brunner G,
    2. Virani SS,
    3. Sun W, et al

    . Associations between carotid artery plaque burden, plaque characteristics, and cardiovascular events: the ARIC Carotid Magnetic Resonance Imaging study. JAMA Cardiol 2021;6:79–86 doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.5573 pmid:33206125

    CrossRefPubMed
22. 22.↵
    1. Uchiyama S,
    2. Goto S,
    3. Matsumoto M, et al

    . Cardiovascular event rates in patients with cerebrovascular disease and atherothrombosis at other vascular locations: results from 1-year outcomes in the Japanese REACH Registry. J Neurol Sci 2009;287:45–51 doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.09.011 pmid:19815240

    CrossRefPubMed
23. 23.↵
    1. Libby P,
    2. Ridker PM,
    3. Hansson GK

    . Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis. Nature 2011;473:317–25 doi:10.1038/nature10146 pmid:21593864

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. 24.↵
    1. Ajduk M,
    2. Pavic L,
    3. Bulimbasic S, et al

    . Multidetector-row computed tomography in evaluation of atherosclerotic carotid plaques complicated with intraplaque hemorrhage. Ann Vasc Surg 2009;23:186–93 doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2008.05.008 pmid:18657388

    CrossRefPubMed
25. 25.↵
    1. Nandalur KR,
    2. Baskurt E,
    3. Hagspiel KD, et al

    . Calcified carotid atherosclerotic plaque is associated less with ischemic symptoms than is noncalcified plaque on MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;184:295–98 doi:10.2214/ajr.184.1.01840295 pmid:15615991

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
26. 26.↵
    1. Singh N,
    2. Marko M,
    3. Ospel JM, et al

    . The risk of stroke and TIA in nonstenotic carotid plaques: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020;41:1453–59 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A6613 pmid:32646945

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
27. 27.↵
    1. Veraldi GF,
    2. Nocini PF,
    3. Eccher A, et al

    . Correlation between MDCTA and carotid plaque histological heterogeneity: a pilot study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2018;56:7–14 doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.04.001 pmid:29784555

    CrossRefPubMed
28. 28.↵
    1. Saba L,
    2. Yuan C,
    3. Hatsukami TS, et al

    ; Vessel Wall Imaging Study Group of the American Society of Neuroradiology. Carotid Artery Wall Imaging: Perspective and Guidelines from the ASNR Vessel Wall Imaging Study Group and Expert Consensus Recommendations of the American Society of Neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018;39:E9–31 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A5488 pmid:29326139

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
29. 29.↵
    1. Michel JB,
    2. Martin-Ventura JL,
    3. Nicoletti A, et al

    . Pathology of human plaque vulnerability: mechanisms and consequences of intraplaque hemorrhages. Atherosclerosis 2014;234:311–19 doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.020 pmid:24726899

    CrossRefPubMed
30. 30.↵
    1. Puchner SB,
    2. Liu T,
    3. Mayrhofer T, et al

    . High-risk plaque detected on coronary CT angiography predicts acute coronary syndromes independent of significant stenosis in acute chest pain: results from the ROMICAT-II trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;64:684–92 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.039 pmid:25125300

    FREE Full Text
31. 31.↵
    1. Zheng C,
    2. Yan S,
    3. Fu F, et al

    . Cervicocephalic spotty calcium for the prediction of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Front Neurol 2021;12:655156 doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.659156 pmid:34054702

    CrossRefPubMed
32. 32.↵
    1. Halak S,
    2. Östling G,
    3. Edsfeldt A, et al

    . Spotty carotid plaques are associated with inflammation and the occurrence of cerebrovascular symptoms. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2018;8:16–25 doi:10.1159/000485258 pmid:29402768

    CrossRefPubMed
33. 33.↵
    1. Gepner AD,
    2. Young R,
    3. Delaney JA, et al

    . Comparison of carotid plaque score and coronary artery calcium score for predicting cardiovascular disease events: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2017;6:e0051111179 doi:10.1161/JAHA.116.005179 pmid:28196817

    CrossRefPubMed
34. 34.↵
    1. Chrencik MT,
    2. Khan AA,
    3. Luther L, et al

    . Quantitative assessment of carotid plaque morphology (geometry and tissue composition) using computed tomography angiography. J Vasc Surg 2019;70:858–68 doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2018.11.050 pmid:30850296

    CrossRefPubMed
35. 35.↵
    1. Yoon WJ,
    2. Crisostomo P,
    3. Halandras P, et al

    . The use of the Agatston calcium score in predicting carotid plaque vulnerability. Ann Vasc Surg 2019;54:22–26 doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2018.08.070 pmid:30213741

    CrossRefPubMed
36. 36.↵
    1. Katano H,
    2. Mase M,
    3. Nishikawa Y, et al

    . Calcified carotid plaques show double symptomatic peaks according to agatston calcium score. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;24:1341–50 doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.02.010 pmid:25804565

    CrossRefPubMed
37. 37.↵
    1. Haraguchi K,
    2. Houkin K,
    3. Koyanagi I, et al

    . Evaluation of carotid plaque composition by computed tomography angiography and black blood magnetic resonance image. Interv Neuroradiol 2008;14:39–43 doi:10.1177/159101990801400105 pmid:20557784

    CrossRefPubMed
38. 38.↵
    1. Eesa M,
    2. Hill MD,
    3. Al-Khathaami A, et al

    . Role of CT angiographic plaque morphologic characteristics in addition to stenosis in predicting the symptomatic side in carotid artery disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010;31:1254–60 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A2078 pmid:20360336

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
39. 39.↵
    1. Caetano Dos Santos FL,
    2. Kolasa M,
    3. Terada M, et al

    . VASIM: an automated tool for the quantification of carotid atherosclerosis by computed tomography angiography. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019;35:1149–59 doi:10.1007/s10554-019-01549-1 pmid:30820803

    CrossRefPubMed