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Figures
- Fig 1.
White matter lesion mask (yellow) of a representative patient with multiple sclerosis overlaid on axial (A) and coronal (B) mean fractional anisotropy images. The mean fractional anisotropy skeleton (green) and the Johns Hopkins University White Matter Tractography Atlas corticospinal tract (red) are overlaid onto the mean axial (C) and coronal (A) fractional anisotropy images. The white matter skeleton was obtained with FSL Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. The corticospinal tract VOIs were obtained from the white matter skeleton with the Johns Hopkins University White Matter Tractography Atlas, after masking out T2 hyperintense areas of individual patients. All images are in the Montreal Neurological Institute standard space.
- Fig 2.
Scatterplots for the Expanded Disability Status Scale at the time of the brain MR imaging versus radial diffusivity (A) and radial kurtosis (C) of the corticospinal tracts, and EDSS at the follow-up visit 12 months after the brain MR imaging versus radial diffusivity (B) and radial kurtosis (D) of the corticospinal tracts in patients with MS.
Tables
Entire Cohort Patients with 12-Month Follow-Up No. of subjects 40 28 Sex (F/M) 33/7 24/4 Age (mean) (yr) 42.9 ± 12.5 42.1 ± 13.1 EDSS0 (mean) 3.4 ± 1.9 3.6 ± 2 EDSS12 m (mean) 4.2 ± 2.3 MS type (RR/SP/unknown/PP) 32/2/5/1 23/1/3/1 Disease duration (mean) (yr) 8.0 ± 6.4 6.9 ± 4.5 T2 lesion load (mean) (mL) 21.3 ± 22.8 23.3 ± 26.0 CST FA (mean) 0.44 ± 0.03 0.44 ± 0.03 CST MD (mean) 0.94 ± 0.06 0.93 ± 0.06 CST λ⊥ (mean) 0.70 ± 0.06 0.70 ± 0.06 CST (mean) 1.41 ± 0.07 1.40 ± 0.07 CST MK (mean) 1.17 ± 0.06 1.17 ± 0.06 CST K⊥ (mean) 1.60 ± 0.15 1.60 ± 0.14 CST K‖ (mean) 0.96 ± 0.05 0.97 ± 0.05 Note:—RR indicates relapsing-remitting MS; SP, secondary-progressive MS; PP, primary-progressive MS.
Diffusion Metrics EDSS0 EDSS12 m r P Valuea r P Valuea Age 0.47 .009 0.38 .003 T2 lesion volume 0.38 .018 0.23 .117 MD 0.41 .018 0.45 .018 λ‖ 0.34 .023 0.45 .018 λ⊥ 0.41 .018 0.41 .023 FA −0.36 .022 −0.30 .063 MK −0.29 .046 −0.42 .023 K‖ −0.25 .063 −0.36 .040 K⊥ −0.42 .018 −0.56 .009 ↵a P values were corrected for multiple comparisons with the false discovery rate method.
EDSS0 EDSS12 m β P Value β P Value (Constant) .022 <.001 Age .399 .007 .172 .347 CST MK .074 .811 .257 .432 CST K‖ .055 .774 .006 .979 CST K⊥ −.329 .023 −.562 .002 T2 lesion volume .153 .355 −.141 .491
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