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Research ArticleAdult Brain
Open Access

Reaction Time Is Negatively Associated with Corpus Callosum Area in the Early Stages of CADASIL

S. Delorme, F. De Guio, S. Reyes, A. Jabouley, H. Chabriat and E. Jouvent
American Journal of Neuroradiology November 2017, 38 (11) 2094-2099; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5378
S. Delorme
aFrom the University Paris Diderot (S.D., F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France
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F. De Guio
aFrom the University Paris Diderot (S.D., F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France
bDHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Paris, France
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S. Reyes
cDepartment of Neurology (S.R., A.J., H.C., E.J.), AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France.
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A. Jabouley
cDepartment of Neurology (S.R., A.J., H.C., E.J.), AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France.
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H. Chabriat
aFrom the University Paris Diderot (S.D., F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France
bDHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Paris, France
cDepartment of Neurology (S.R., A.J., H.C., E.J.), AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France.
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E. Jouvent
aFrom the University Paris Diderot (S.D., F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1161 INSERM, Paris, France
bDHU NeuroVasc Sorbonne Paris Cité (F.D.G., H.C., E.J.), Paris, France
cDepartment of Neurology (S.R., A.J., H.C., E.J.), AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France.
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  • Fig 1.
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    Fig 1.

    Examples of corpus callosum area delineation in 3 patients with CADASIL and 3 age-matched controls. Reproduction at the same scale of noninterpolated midsagittal T1-weighted images of the corpus callosum in 3 patients (left column) compared with 3 age-matched controls (right column). Corpus callosum atrophy appears obvious in some cases.

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    Fig 2.

    The relationship between reaction time and CCA in patients with CADASIL and in controls. The mean reaction time appears significantly and negatively associated with the corpus callosum area in patients (estimate = −7.4 × 103, SE = 3.3 × 103, P = .03), while no association is observed in controls (estimate = −1.1 × 103, SE = 2.6 × 103, P = .69).

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    Fig 3.

    Corpus callosum atrophy through the appearance of lacunes and secondary white matter degeneration. An example of a 56-year-old patient with CADASIL presenting in 2010 with hypointense T1-weighted signal in the corpus callosum (CC), presumably as a consequence of a lacune located in white matter bundles passing through the CC body (top panel). In 2013, a new lacune occurred in bundles passing through the CC, localized anterior to the previous one and leading to another hypointense area in the CC (middle panel). Images acquired in 2015 show progressive CC atrophy due to degeneration secondary to the appearance of lacunes (bottom panel). T1W indicates T1-weightd.

Tables

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  • Characteristics of patients with CADASIL and control subjects

    Patients with CADASIL (n = 26)Control Subjects (n = 29)P Value
    Demographic characteristics
        Age (mean) (yr)54.0 ± 10.453.9 ± 11.0.973
        Male sex (No.)13 (50.0%)15 (51.7%).901
        Right-handed (No.)26 (100%)29 (100%)NA
        Level of education (mean) (yr)11.3 ± 3.713.5 ± 3.5.022
        History of stroke (No.) (%)20 (77%)0 (0%)NA
    Neuropsychological tests
        Reaction time (mean) (ms)288 ± 56253 ± 43.02
        MMSE score (mean)28.4 ± 1.829.0 ± 1.1.169
        Apathy scale (mean)8.6 ± 4.66.8 ± 3.0.119
        MADRS scale (mean)5.9 ± 6.91.7 ± 3.0.007
    Imaging markers
        Corpus callosum area (mean) (mm2)609 ± 93713 ± 111<.001, <.001a
        Brain parenchymal fraction (mean)0.84 ± 0.030.84 ± 0.03.766
        Volume of white matter (mean) (cm3)450.5 ± 66.6433.9 ± 44.5.35
        Volume of lacunesb (mean) (median) (range) (mm3) (n = 15/26, 57.6%)529, 303, 14–1975No control had lacunescNA
        Volume of WMH (mean) (median) (range) (mm3) (n = 26/26, 100%)93,638; 74,087; 7249–267,095No control had significant lesionscNA
        No. of MBb (mean) (median) (range) (n = 8/26, 30.7%)6.5, 2.5, 1–32No control had MBcNA
    • Note:—MMSE indicates Mini-Mental State Examination; MADRS, Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale; WMH, white matter hyperintensities; NA, not applicable.

    • ↵a Adjusted for age, sex, and intracranial cavity.

    • ↵b In patients with such lesions.

    • ↵c Visually rated from a concomitant 7T protocol, including high-resolution 3D-T1 and 2D gradient recalled echo T2* sequences.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 38 (11)
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Cite this article
S. Delorme, F. De Guio, S. Reyes, A. Jabouley, H. Chabriat, E. Jouvent
Reaction Time Is Negatively Associated with Corpus Callosum Area in the Early Stages of CADASIL
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2017, 38 (11) 2094-2099; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A5378

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Reaction Time Is Negatively Associated with Corpus Callosum Area in the Early Stages of CADASIL
S. Delorme, F. De Guio, S. Reyes, A. Jabouley, H. Chabriat, E. Jouvent
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2017, 38 (11) 2094-2099; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A5378
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