Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
The tumor core was defined as the contrast-enhancing part on postcontrast T1-weighted images, and the FLAIR masks were defined as hyperintense regions on T2 FLAIR images (minus the tumor core and necrosis, if present). In cases of nonenhancing tumors, hyperintensity areas on T2 FLAIR images were defined as the tumor core (the tumor core and edema were identical regions). The NAWM was outlined in the centrum semiovale of the contralateral hemisphere (on ≥4 consecutive sections). The NAGM was defined in the contralateral thalamus (on ≥3 sections).
- Fig 2.
A, Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and T2 FLAIR images of a grade II astrocytoma grade in the left hemisphere. The map of MK′ demonstrates low MK′, whereas the trace image and the MD map show high diffusivity (high signal changes on MD). B, Typical example of a glioblastoma, with contrast enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted and complex signal changes on T2 FLAIR images. Increased MK′ is noted in most of the tumor. The trace image and MD show restricted diffusion, primarily in the periphery of the lesion.
- Fig 3.
Boxplots of average MK′ and normalized MK′ (in yellow) (A) and MD and normalized MD (in blue) (B) in the contrast-enhancing tumor core of all patients, grouped according to tumor types and grades, are shown. The horizontal lines in the boxes are the median values, the upper and lower box edges are the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively, and the upper and lower whiskers represent the minimums and maximums, respectively. AC indicates grade III astrocytoma; ODG3, grade III oligodendroglioma; AC2, grade II astrocytoma; ODG2, grade II oligodendroglioma.
Tables
Tumor Type MK′ P nMK′ P MD P nMD P MK′ + MD Pb nMK′ + nMD Pb HGG/LGG 0.731 .045c 0.701 .056 0.595 .512 0.572 .456 0.754 .032c 0.746 .041c .220 .213 GBM/all 0.842 .004c 0.811 .004c 0.775 .017c 0.772 .014c 0.842 .045c 0.807 .047c .796 .835 GBM/HGG 0.886 .027c 0.838 .022c 0.876 .018c 0.876 .019c 0.895 .127 0.905 .181 .204 .184 AC3/all 0.717 .146 0.717 .170 0.766 .052 0.800 .060 0.793 .744 0.779 .885 .165 .155 AC3/HGG 0.871 .039c 0.824 .055 0.835 .038c 0.847 .042c 0.882 .127 0.871 .301 .328 .265 Note:—AC3 indicates grade III astrocytoma.
↵a The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves as a measure for diagnostic accuracy are reported.
↵b Two P values occur when two values (MK′ and MD) are tested at the same time.
↵c The variable contributes significantly to the regression model if the corresponding P value is <.05.
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