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Improved Turnaround Times | Median time to first decision: 12 days

Research ArticleFunctional

Magnetization Transfer MR Imaging Demonstrates Degeneration of the Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter in Huntington Disease

A. Ginestroni, M. Battaglini, S. Diciotti, R. Della Nave, L.N. Mazzoni, C. Tessa, M. Giannelli, S. Piacentini, N. De Stefano and M. Mascalchi
American Journal of Neuroradiology November 2010, 31 (10) 1807-1812; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A2225
A. Ginestroni
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M. Battaglini
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S. Diciotti
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R. Della Nave
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L.N. Mazzoni
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C. Tessa
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M. Giannelli
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S. Piacentini
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N. De Stefano
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M. Mascalchi
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    Fig 1.

    A–H, Example of the FIRST segmentation of the striata and thalami (light blue indicates the caudate; light green, the pallidus; yellow ochre, the putamen; lilac, the thalamus) in HD gene carrier in clinical stage I (A–D), which was manually edited on the basis of the structure contour identified in the subject's heavily T1-weighted images (E–H). A–D, The automatic definition of the cortical GM ribbon performed by the in-house-developed software is also displayed with different colors corresponding to the 4 cerebral lobes (yellow indicates frontal; green, parietal-insular; dark blue, temporal; red, occipital).

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    Fig 2.

    Plots showing correlation between clinical variables (disease duration, motor UHDRS, Verbal Fluency test, and Symbol Digit test) and MT ratio measurements in the temporal lobe cortex (A,C) and putamen (B,D).

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Genetic and clinical features in 15 HD gene carriers

    MeanRange
    Age (yr)56 ± 1234–75
    CAG repeat size44 ± 340–50
    Sex (M:F)8:7
    Disease duration (yr)6.9 ± 6.60–28
    UHDRS motor score33 ± 180–57
    Verbal Fluency test13 ± 113–40
    Symbol Digit test19 ± 190–66
    Stroop Color Word Interference Test25 ± 343–120
    • View popup
    Table 2:

    Volumes and MT ratios of the striatal nuclei and thalami in 15 healthy controls and 15 HD carriers

    Mean Volume (mm3)Mean MT Ratio
    ControlsHD carriersP ValueaControlsHD CarriersP Valuea
    Caudate nuclei6221 ± 8063048 ± 1834<.00155.0 ± 0.951.8 ± 3.2<.01
    Putamen7222 ± 8864374 ± 1590<.00155.4 ± 0.754.1 ± 1.6NS
    Globi pallidi3061 ± 3211513 ± 553<.00156.9 ± 0.855.4 ± 1.5.02
    Thalami10551 ± 11979802 ± 1908NS58.6 ± 0.756.8 ± 1.9<.01
    • a Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction.

    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Mean normalized volumes and MT ratios of the cerebral cortical GM in 15 healthy controls and 15 HD carriers

    LobesMean Normalized Volume (mm3)Mean MT Ratio
    ControlsHD CarriersP ValueaControlsHD CarriersP Valuea
    Frontal202 ± 16179 ± 19<.0155.1 ± 0.950.7 ± 3.5<.001
    Parietal161 ± 15135 ± 20<.0154.5 ± 0.851.4 ± 2.9<.01
    Temporal143 ± 11128 ± 13.0254.9 ± 0.851.7 ± 2.7<.01
    Occipital91 ± 1072 ± 10<.0153.2 ± 1.348.2 ± 3.4<.01
    • a Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction.

    • View popup
    Table 4:

    Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the clinical-genetic variables and volumes and MT ratios in 15 HD carriers

    No. of TripletsDisease DurationMotor UHDRSVerbal FluencySymbol DigitStroop
    RPRPRPRPRPRP
    Volumes
        NWMV0.46NS−0.22NS−0.44NS0.44NS0.65<.010.54.04
        NGMV−0.16NS−0.50NS−0.67<.010.65<.010.41NS0.40NS
        Frontal cortex−0.40NS−0.60.02−0.59.020.65<.010.33NS0.31NS
        Parietal cortex−0.38NS−0.67<.01−0.60.020.74<.010.37NS0.37NS
        Temporal cortex−0.32NS−0.45NS−0.62.010.60.020.34NS0.45NS
        Occipital cortex−0.07NS−0.36NS−0.66<.010.77<.0010.61.010.68<.01
        Caudate nuclei−0.16NS−0.55.03−0.80<.0010.65<.010.53.040.46NS
        Putamen−0.24NS−0.59.02−0.78<.0010.59.020.50NS0.49NS
        Globi pallidi−0.14NS−0.63.01−0.79<.0010.51.04960.46NS0.37NS
        Thalami−0.24NS−0.34NS−0.71<.010.57.030.51NS0.62.01
    MT ratios
        WM−0.14NS−0.72<.01−0.81<.0010.73<.010.64.010.64.01
        GM−0.25NS−0.68<.01−0.81<.0010.88<.00010.57.040.58.03
        Frontal cortex−0.34NS−0.65<.01−0.55.030.61.020.26NS0.23NS
        Parietal cortex−0.26NS−0.66<.01−0.64.010.63.010.34NS0.30NS
        Temporal cortex−0.05NS−0.77<.001−0.77<.0010.83<.0010.58.020.49NS
        Occipital cortex−0.36NS−0.61.02−0.71<0.010.74<.010.39NS0.41NS
        Caudate nuclei0.02NS−0.60.02−0.23NS0.35NS0.21NS0.10NS
        Putamen0.24NS−0.58.02−0.78<.0010.72<.010.81<.0010.72<.01
        Globi pallidi0.05NS−0.29NS0.55.030.46NS0.51NS0.48NS
        Thalami0.12NS−0.56.03−0.30NS0.30NS0.22NS0.09NS
    • Note:—Bold indicates statistically significant data.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 31 (10)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
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Magnetization Transfer MR Imaging Demonstrates Degeneration of the Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter in Huntington Disease
A. Ginestroni, M. Battaglini, S. Diciotti, R. Della Nave, L.N. Mazzoni, C. Tessa, M. Giannelli, S. Piacentini, N. De Stefano, M. Mascalchi
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2010, 31 (10) 1807-1812; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A2225
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A. Ginestroni, M. Battaglini, S. Diciotti, R. Della Nave, L.N. Mazzoni, C. Tessa, M. Giannelli, S. Piacentini, N. De Stefano, M. Mascalchi
Magnetization Transfer MR Imaging Demonstrates Degeneration of the Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter in Huntington Disease
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2010, 31 (10) 1807-1812; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A2225

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