Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
A, reverse sentences (rSEN); B, identifiable nonvocal sounds (SND). C, sentences (SEN).
- Fig. 2.
Activated areas revealed by the contrasts. rSEN-SND (A), SEN-SND (B), and SEN-rSEN (C) with a statistical threshold of P < .00005 (random effect model uncorrected; extent threshold at 10 voxels). SEN, sentences; rSEN, reverse sentences; SND, identifiable nonvocal sounds.
- Fig. 3.
LI distribution of the temporal activation under rSEN-SND, SEN-SND, and SEN-rSEN contrasts: The bold line shows the mean of LI under each contrast. One-way ANOVA and multiple comparison by Bonferroni test for individual LI in temporal activation was significantly different among the 3 contrasts (ANOVA: F (2, 78) = 26.28, P < .001, Bonferroni: P < .05). *, P < .05; **, P < .001.
- Fig. 4.
Individual variability of LI of the temporal cortices: symmetrical or right-lateralized activation was observed in 22 of 27 subjects (81.4%) under the rSEN-SND contrast in the temporal cortices. Although 9 of 27 subjects (33.3%) showed symmetrical or right-lateralized activation under the SEN-SND contrast in the temporal cortices, all subjects showed left hemisphere dominance under the SEN-rSEN contrast. *, P < .05; **, P < .001.
Tables
SND rSEN SEN rSEN-SND SEN-SND SEN-rSEN Lexical-semantic processing − − + − + + Human voice perception − + + + + − Tonal fluctuation + + + − − − Attention + + + − − − Primary auditory processing + + + − − − Note:—SND indicates nonvocal sounds; rSEN, reverse sentences; SEN, sentences. SND, rSEN, and SEN are in the context of subjects scanned by functional MR imaging while listening to these sounds.
- Table 2
Peak coordinates (x, y, z) and their z values of cerebral activation under three contrasts (rSEN-SND, SEN-SND, SEN-rSEN)
Brain Regions Contrast rSEN-SND SEN-SND SEN-rSEN Left Right Left Right Left Right x y z z Value x y z z Value x y z z Value x y z z Value x y z z Value x y z z Value Frontal cortices MFG BA6 −45 9 45 6.29 −45 9 45 8.29 IFG Operculum BA9/46 −54 21 21 4.54 −54 21 27 8.38 Triangular BA45 −54 21 0 4.38 −54 24 3 6.45 SFG BA6 −3 15 60 6.61 Temporal cortices Anterior STS BA22 −51 −3 −6 6.28 51 3 −3 6.16 −57 0 −9 6.68 MTG BA21 −51 0 −12 4.93 51 0 −9 6.83 −57 −3 −18 6.64 63 −12 −18 6.42 −54 0 −21 5.90 Central STS BA22 −51 −9 −3 6.14 51 −6 −3 6.34 −54 −12 0 4.86 MTG BA21 54 −12 −9 6.83 −57 −15 −15 4.83 61 −21 −9 4.82 −57 −27 −12 6.69 Heschl’s gyrus BA41 54 −21 12 4.16 Posterior STS BA22 −48 −21 3 4.68 MTG BA21 45 −18 −9 4.68 −54 −33 −9 4.90 −54 −33 −6 6.38 Parietal cortices Precuneus BA19 −33 −78 36 5.75 Cerebellum 9 −78 −33 6.16 Note:—SND indicates identifiable nonvocal sounds; rSEN, reverse sentences; SEN, sentences. SND, rSEN, and SEN are in the context of subjects scanned by functional MR imaging while listening to these sounds. MFG indicates middle frontal gyrus; IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; SFG, superior frontal gyrus; STS, superior temporal sulcus; MTG, middle temporal gyrus. Activation differences were considered significant at height threshold (P < .00005, random effect model uncorrected) and extent threshold (10 voxels).
