MR Imaging of the Enlarged Endolymphatic Duct and Sac Syndrome by Use of a 3D Fast Asymmetric Spin-echo Sequence: Volume and Signal-intensity Measurement of the Endolymphatic Duct and Sac and Area Measurement of the Cochlear Modiolus

References

1. ↵
   Mafee MF, Charlette D, Kumar A, Belmount H. Large vestibular aqueduct and congenital sensorineural hearing loss. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1992;13:805-819

   FREE Full Text
2. ↵
   Dahlen RT, Harnsberger HR, Gray SD, et al. Overlapping thin section fast spin echo MR of the large vestibular aqueduct syndrome: comparison with CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997;18:67-75

   Abstract
3. ↵
   Okumura T, Takahashi H, Honjo I, Takagi A, Mitamura K. Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with large vestibular aqueduct. Laryngoscope 1995;105:289-294

   PubMedWeb of Science
4. ↵
   Emmett JR. The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. Am J Otol 1985;6:387-415

   PubMedWeb of Science
5. ↵
   Valvassori GE, Clemis JD. The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. Laryngoscope 1978;88:723-728

   PubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   Wilson DF, Hodgson RS, Talbot JM. Endolymphatic sac obliteration for large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. Am J Otol 1997;1:101-107
7. ↵
   Okamoto K, Ito J, Furusawa T, Sakai K, Tokiguchi S. Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome with high CT density and high MR signal intensity. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997;18:482-484

   Abstract
8. ↵
   Okamoto K, Ito J, Furusawa T, Sakai K, Horikawa S, Tokiguchi S. MRI of enlarged endolymphatic sacs in the large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. Neuroradiology 1998;40:167-172

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
9. ↵
   Lemmerling MM, Mancuso AA, Antonelli PJ, Kubilis PS. Normal modiolus: CT appearance in patients with a large vestibular aqueduct. Radiology 1997;204:213-219

   PubMedWeb of Science
10. Okumura T, Takahashi H, Honjo I, et al. Vestibular function in patients with a large vestibular aqueduct. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockh) 1995;520:323-326
11. Okumura T, Takahashi H, Honjo I, Takagi A, Azato R. Magnetic resonance imaging of patients with large vestibular aqueducts. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1996;253:425-428

    PubMed
12. ↵
    Naganawa S, Ito T, Iwayama E, et al. MR imaging of the cochlear modiolus: area measurement in normal subjects and in patients with a large endolymphatic duct and sac. Radiology 1999;231:819-823
13. Levenson MJ, Parisier SC, Jacobs M, Edelstein DR. The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome in children: a review of 12 cases and the description of a new clinical entity. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;115:54-58
14. ↵
    Antonelli PJ, Nall AV, Lemmerling MM, Mancuso AA, Kubilis PS. Hearing loss with cochlear modiolar defects and large vestibular aqueducts. Am J Otol 1998;19:306-312

    PubMedWeb of Science
15. Naganawa S, Ito T, Fukatsu H, et al. Three-dimensional fast spin echo MR of the inner ear: ultra-long ETL and half-Fourier technique. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:739-741

    Abstract
16. Naganawa S, Ito T, Fukatsu H, et al. MR imaging of the inner ear: comparison of a three-dimensional fast spin-echo sequence with use of a dedicated quadrature-surface phased array coil with a gadolinium-enhanced spoiled gradient recalled sequence. Radiology 1998;208:679-685

    PubMed
17. ↵
    Harnsberger HR, Dahlen RT, Shelton C, Gray SD, Parkin JL. Advanced techniques in magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the large endolymphatic duct and sac syndrome. Laryngoscope 1995;105:1037-1042

    PubMedWeb of Science
18. ↵
    Iwayama E, Naganawa S, Ito T, et al. High-resolution MR cisternography of the cerebellopontine angle: 2D versus 3D fast spin-echo sequences. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999;20:889-895

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
19. ↵
    Melhem ER, Shakir H, Bakthavachalam S, et al. Inner ear volumetric measurements using high-resolution 3D T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR imaging: initial experience in healthy subjects. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:1819-1822

    Abstract
20. Hirsch BE, Weissman JL, Curtin HD, Kamerer DB. Magnetic resonance imaging of the large vestibular aqueduct. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1992;118:1124-1127
21. ↵
    Jackler RK, Cruz ADL. The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. Laryngoscope 1989;99:1238-1243

    PubMedWeb of Science
22. ↵
    Phelps PD, Coffey RA, Trembath RC, et al. Radiological malformations of the ear in Pendred syndrome. Clin Radiol 1998;53:268-273

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. ↵
    Sai J, Ariyama J. MRCP: Early Diagnosis of Pancreatobiliary Disease: T2-Shortening Bile.. Tokyo: Springer 2000;66-67
24. Tong KA, Harnsberger HR, Dahlen RT, Carey JC, Ward K. Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome: a genetic disease? AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;168:1097-1101

    PubMedWeb of Science
25. ↵
    Aschendorff A, Marangos N, Laszig R. Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and its implication for cochlear implant surgery. Am J Otol 1997;18 (Suppl):S57

    PubMed
26. ↵
    Schessel DA, Nedzelski JM. Presentation of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome to a dizziness unit. J Otolaryngol 1992;21:265-269

    PubMedWeb of Science
27. Belenky WA, Madgy DN, Leider JS, Becker CJ, Hotaling AJ. The enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome (EVA syndrome). Ear Nose Throat J 1993;72:746-751

    PubMed
28. Shirazi A, Fenton JE, Fagan PA. Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and stapes fixation. J Laryngol Otol 1994;108:989-990

    PubMedWeb of Science
29. ↵
    Ito T, Naganawa S, Fukatsu H, et al. High resolution MR images of the inner ear internal anatomy using a local gradient coil at 1.5 tesla: Correlation with histological specimen. Radiat Med 1999;17:343-347

    PubMed