Article Figures & Data
Figures
- fig 1.
Nipple-like 4-cm skin lesion with a dimple on the back of the patient
- fig 2.
MR images of the thoracic spine.
A–C, Axial (A) and sagittal (B) T2-weighted images and sagittal noncontrast T1-weighted image (C) show a high-signal intradural mass containing multiple signal voids (small arrows) connected by a fibrous stalk (large arrow) to an extradural high-signal mass (open arrow, A).
D and E, Axial (D) and sagittal (E) contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images show a vascular lesion with multiple signal voids coiled in a serpentine-like manner (arrows).
- fig 3.
A–D, Spinal angiography by catheterization of right T12 intercostal artery. Oblique views of early (A) and late (B) arterial phase, lateral view of late arterial phase (C), and oblique view of venous phase (D) reveal a vascular mass with a feeding artery (small arrow, A–C) and caudal drainage by a tortuous, dilated perimedullary vein (large arrow, D).
E–G, Angiograms after selection of left T10 intercostal artery, anteroposterior (E) and lateral (F) views, and left L1 lumbar artery, anteroposterior view (G), show this vascular lesion to be an AVM (open arrow) with multiple feeders (closed arrow).
- fig 4.
Angiography via right T12 intercostal artery after embolization.
A–E, Anteroposterior views of early (A) and late (B) arterial phase and venous phase (C) show effective devascularization of perimedullary AVM with small residual nidus (small arrow) supplied from left L1 lumbar artery (D) and from left T10 intercostal artery (E) feeders (large arrow), and sluggish venous drainage.
- fig 5.
T1-weighted MR images.
A and B, Axial (A) and sagittal (B) views after embolization show a decreased vascular component in the spinal cord mass without signal change of the cord. The low signal intensity lesion in the mass seems to be a thrombus (small arrow), extending to the superior portion of the mass and shaped like a bird's beak (large arrow, B).
C and D, After contrast administration, axial (C) and sagittal (D) views reveal prominent venous plexus (open arrows, D) in epidural space, probably due to sluggish blood flow, and thrombus (closed arrow).
- fig 6.
A, Histologic examination of the intradural mass disclosed an AVM (large closed arrows) embedded in mature adipose tissue septated by thin fibrous tissue (small closed arrows). The vascular channels were variable in size and shape. Note both arteries and veins with or without elastic laminae. Some arteries were dilated with embolizing agents (open arrows) (Elastic, original magnification ×100).
B, Arterialization of venous walls (arrow) is suggestive of high pressure due to arteriovenous shunting. Note the absence of elastic laminae in the irregularly thickened vascular wall (Elastic, original magnification ×100).
