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AJNR Awards, New Junior Editors, and more. Read the latest AJNR updates

Table of Contents

April 01, 2019; Volume 40,Issue 4

Perspectives

  • You have access
    Perspectives
    Ichiro Ikuta
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 583; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.P0060

Review Articles

  • Head & Neck
    Open Access
    Imaging Review of New and Emerging Sinonasal Tumors and Tumor-Like Entities from the Fourth Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors
    K.E. Dean, D. Shatzkes and C.D. Phillips
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 584-590; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5978
  • Neurointervention
    Open Access
    On Flow Diversion: The Changing Landscape of Intracerebral Aneurysm Management
    A.A. Dmytriw, K. Phan, J.M. Moore, V.M. Pereira, T. Krings and A.J. Thomas
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 591-600; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6006

General Contents

  • Adult Brain
    Open Access
    Behavioral and Structural Effects of Single and Repeat Closed-Head Injury
    Y.-C.J. Kao, Y.W. Lui, C.-F. Lu, H.-L. Chen, B.-Y. Hsieh and C.-Y. Chen
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 601-608; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6014
  • Adult Brain
    Open Access
    Periventricular White Matter Abnormalities on Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Postural Instability Gait Disorder Parkinsonism
    S.Y.Z. Tan, N.C.H. Keong, R.M.P. Selvan, H. Li, L.Q.R. Ooi, E.K. Tan and L.L. Chan
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 609-613; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5993
  • EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
    Open Access
    Gadolinium-Enhanced Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis: Optimizing the Recognition of Active Plaques for Different MR Imaging Sequences
    L.L.F. do Amaral, D.C. Fragoso, R.H. Nunes, I.A. Littig and A.J. da Rocha
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 614-619; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5997

    The authors analyzed the accuracy of gadolinium SWI for detecting the imaging evidence of active inflammation on MS plaques when a BBB dysfunction was demonstrated by a focal gadolinium-enhanced lesion and compared this technique with gadolinium-enhanced T1 spin-echo and T1 spin-echo with magnetization transfer contrast sequences. Differences in BBB dysfunction were evident in the 103 patients among gadolinium SWI, gadolinium T1 spin-echo, and gadolinium T1 magnetization transfer contrast. Gadolinium T1 magnetization transfer contrast demonstrated the highest number of active demyelinating plaques. Gadolinium SWI was highly correlated with gadolinium T1 magnetization transfer contrast in depicting acute demyelinating plaques and these techniques provided better performance compared with gadolinium T1 spin-echo.

  • Adult Brain
    Open Access
    Leptomeningeal Contrast Enhancement Is Related to Focal Cortical Thinning in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional MRI Study
    N. Bergsland, D. Ramasamy, E. Tavazzi, D. Hojnacki, B. Weinstock-Guttman and R. Zivadinov
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 620-625; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6011
  • EDITOR'S CHOICEAdult Brain
    Open Access
    Moving Toward a Consensus DSC-MRI Protocol: Validation of a Low–Flip Angle Single-Dose Option as a Reference Standard for Brain Tumors
    K.M. Schmainda, M.A. Prah, L.S. Hu, C.C. Quarles, N. Semmineh, S.D. Rand, J.M. Connelly, B. Anderies, Y. Zhou, Y. Liu, B. Logan, A. Stokes, G. Baird and J.L. Boxerman
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 626-633; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6015

    DSC-MR imaging using preload, intermediate (60°) flip angle and postprocessing leakage correction has gained traction as a standard methodology. Simulations suggest that DSC-MR imaging with flip angle = 30° and no preload yields relative CBV practically equivalent to the reference standard. Eighty-four patients with brain lesions were enrolled in this 3-institution study. Forty-three patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. DSC-MR imaging (3T, single-dose gadobutrol, gradient recalled-echo–EPI, TE=20–35 ms, TR=1.2–1.63 seconds) was performed twice for each patient, with flip angle = 30°–35° and no preload (P-) or provided preload (P+) for an intermediate flipangle = 60°. Compared with 60°/P+/C+, 30°/P-/C+ had closest mean standardized relative CBV, highest Lin concordance correlation coefficient, and lowest Bland-Altman bias.

  • Adult Brain
    Open Access
    Morphologic Features on MR Imaging Classify Multifocal Glioblastomas in Different Prognostic Groups
    J. Pérez-Beteta, D. Molina-García, M. Villena, M.J. Rodríguez, C. Velásquez, J. Martino, B. Meléndez-Asensio, Á. Rodríguez de Lope, R. Morcillo, J.M. Sepúlveda, A. Hernández-Laín, A. Ramos, J.A. Barcia, P.C. Lara, D. Albillo, A. Revert, E. Arana and V.M. Pérez-García
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 634-640; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6019
  • Adult Brain
    Open Access
    Effects of Acute Alcohol Consumption on the Human Brain: Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging and Arterial Spin-Labeling Study
    L.M. Kong, J.Y. Zeng, W.B. Zheng, Z.W. Shen and R.H. Wu
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 641-647; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5992
  • FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBAdult Brain
    You have access
    Measuring Glymphatic Flow in Man Using Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced MRI
    R. Watts, J.M. Steinklein, L. Waldman, X. Zhou and C.G. Filippi
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 648-651; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5931

    In this technical report, the authors used MR myelography to demonstrate the feasibility of T1 mapping to quantify contrast concentration to analyze glymphatic flow in man. There is increasing interest in its use as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target in Alzheimer disease.

  • Adult Brain
    Open Access
    Risk of Acute Kidney Injury with Consecutive, Multidose Use of Iodinated Contrast in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
    Z.Y. Jia, S.X. Wang, L.B. Zhao, Y.Z. Cao, H.B. Shi and S. Liu
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 652-654; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5959
  • Neurointervention
    Open Access
    Clot Burden Score and Early Ischemia Predict Intracranial Hemorrhage following Endovascular Therapy
    V. Yogendrakumar, F. Al-Ajlan, M. Najm, J. Puig, A. Calleja, S.-I. Sohn, S.H. Ahn, R. Mikulik, N. Asdaghi, T.S. Field, A. Jin, T. Asil, J.-M. Boulanger, M.D. Hill, A.M. Demchuk, B.K. Menon and D. Dowlatshahi on behalf of the INTERRSeCT Investigators
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 655-660; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6009
  • FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBNeurointervention
    Open Access
    Metallic Hyperdensity Sign on Noncontrast CT Immediately after Mechanical Thrombectomy Predicts Parenchymal Hemorrhage in Patients with Acute Large-Artery Occlusion
    C. Xu, Y. Zhou, R. Zhang, Z. Chen, W. Zhong, X. Gong, X. Ding and M. Lou
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 661-667; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6008

    The authors evaluated 198 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion who underwent noncontrast CT immediately after mechanical thrombectomy between January 2014 and September 2018. The metallic hyperdensity sign was defined as a nonpetechial intracerebral hyperdense lesion in the basal ganglia and a maximum CT density of >90 HU. The metallic hyperdensity sign was found in 59 (29.7%) patients, and 51 (25.7%) patients had parenchymal hemorrhage at 24 hours. Patients with the metallic hyperdensity sign are more likely to have parenchymal hemorrhage than those without it.

  • Neurointervention
    You have access
    Endovascular Treatment for Low-Grade (Spetzler-Martin I–II) Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
    H. Baharvahdat, R. Blanc, R. Fahed, S. Smajda, G. Ciccio, J.-P. Desilles, H. Redjem, S. Escalard, M. Mazighi, D. Chauvet, T. Robert, P. Sasannejad and M. Piotin
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 668-672; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5988
  • Neurointervention
    You have access
    Curing Low-Grade Brain AVMs with Embolization?
    J.L. Brisman
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 673-674; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6017
  • Neurointervention
    You have access
    Morphologic Change of Flow-Related Aneurysms in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations after Stereotactic Radiosurgery
    Y.-S. Tsuei, C.-B. Luo, L.-Y. Fay, H.-C. Yang, W.-Y. Guo, H.-M. Wu, W.-Y. Chung and M.M.H. Teng
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 675-680; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6018
  • Neurointervention
    You have access
    Comparison of Prasugrel and Clopidogrel Used as Antiplatelet Medication for Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: A Meta-Analysis
    F. Cagnazzo, P. Perrini, P.-H. Lefevre, G. Gascou, C. Dargazanli, C. Riquelme, I. Derraz, D. di Carlo, A. Bonafe and V. Costalat
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 681-686; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6004
  • Neurointervention
    You have access
    Treatment of Unruptured Distal Anterior Circulation Aneurysms with Flow-Diverter Stents: A Meta-Analysis
    F. Cagnazzo, P. Perrini, C. Dargazanli, P.-H. Lefevre, G. Gascou, R. Morganti, D. di Carlo, I. Derraz, C. Riquelme, A. Bonafe and V. Costalat
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 687-693; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6002
  • Neurointervention
    You have access
    Aneurysm Remnants after Flow Diversion: Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes
    T.P. Madaelil, J.A. Grossberg, B.M. Howard, C.M. Cawley, J. Dion, R.G. Nogueira, D.C. Haussen and F.C. Tong
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 694-698; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6010
  • EDITOR'S CHOICENeurointervention
    You have access
    Imaging-Guided Superior Ophthalmic Vein Access for Embolization of Dural Carotid Cavernous Fistulas: Report of 20 Cases and Review of the Literature
    M.K.S. Heran, D. Volders, C. Haw and J.R. Shewchuk
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 699-702; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5994

    In this retrospective study of 20 patients, the authors report the results of imaging-guided percutaneous superior ophthalmic vein access in dural carotid cavernous fistula treatment. Minimally invasive percutaneous imaging-guided access to the SOV can be obtained in situations in which conventional transvenousaccess to the cavernous sinus is not possible for managementof patients with dural carotid cavernous fistula. The authors conclude that direct imaging-guidedpercutaneous SOV access is a valuable and time-savingalternative route compared with direct surgical SOV access.

  • Extracranial Vascular
    You have access
    Flow Patterns in Carotid Webs: A Patient-Based Computational Fluid Dynamics Study
    K.C.J. Compagne, K. Dilba, E.J. Postema, A.C.G.M. van Es, B.J. Emmer, C.B.L.M. Majoie, W.H. van Zwam, D.W.J. Dippel, J.J. Wentzel, A. van der Lugt and F.J.H. Gijsen for the MR CLEAN investigators
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 703-708; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6012
  • Head & Neck
    You have access
    Prevalence of Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence on High-Resolution CT Imaging in Patients without Vestibular or Auditory Abnormalities
    A.W. Berning, K. Arani and B.F. Branstetter
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 709-712; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5999
  • Pediatrics
    You have access
    Determinants of Radiation Dose in Selective Ophthalmic Artery Chemosurgery for Retinoblastoma
    A.M. Qureshi, L.K. Davies, P.A. Patel, A. Rennie and F. Robertson
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 713-717; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6000
  • Pediatrics
    Open Access
    Morphologic Evolution and Coordinated Development of the Fetal Lateral Ventricles in the Second and Third Trimesters
    Z. Li, F. Xu, Z. Zhang, X. Lin, G. Teng, F. Zang and S. Liu
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 718-725; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6013
  • Pediatrics
    You have access
    Brain MRI Findings in Pediatric-Onset Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Challenges in Differentiation from Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
    E. Bulut, J. Karakaya, S. Salama, M. Levy, T.A.G.M. Huisman and I. Izbudak
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 726-731; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6003
  • Pediatrics
    You have access
    CT and Multimodal MR Imaging Features of Embryonal Tumors with Multilayered Rosettes in Children
    V. Dangouloff-Ros, A. Tauziède-Espariat, C.-J. Roux, R. Levy, D. Grévent, F. Brunelle, A. Gareton, S. Puget, K. Beccaria, T. Blauwblomme, J. Grill, C. Dufour, P. Varlet and N. Boddaert
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 732-736; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6001
  • Spine
    Open Access
    Convolutional Neural Network–Based Automated Segmentation of the Spinal Cord and Contusion Injury: Deep Learning Biomarker Correlates of Motor Impairment in Acute Spinal Cord Injury
    D.B. McCoy, S.M. Dupont, C. Gros, J. Cohen-Adad, R.J. Huie, A. Ferguson, X. Duong-Fernandez, L.H. Thomas, V. Singh, J. Narvid, L. Pascual, N. Kyritsis, M.S. Beattie, J.C. Bresnahan, S. Dhall, W. Whetstone, J.F. Talbott and TRACK-SCI Investigators
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 737-744; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6020
  • FELLOWS' JOURNAL CLUBSpine
    Open Access
    Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Systematic Imaging Approach for CSF Leak Localization and Management Based on MRI and Digital Subtraction Myelography
    R.I. Farb, P.J. Nicholson, P.W. Peng, E.M. Massicotte, C. Lay, T. Krings and K.G. terBrugge
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 745-753; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6016

    Using spinal MR imaging to dichotomize patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotensioninto spinal longitudinal extradural CSF collection positive and negative populations accurately determines the nature of their underlying CSF leak (mechanical dural tear versus CSF venous fistula or nerve root sleeve leak), correctly predicts in whom autologous nondirected and directed epidural blood patch may work and in whom it will fail, and finally prescribes the positioning (prone versus decubitus) for subsequent dynamic myelography providing the most efficient pathway to definitive leak localization and repair. Using this systematic approach, the authors have been able to identify the exact site of CSF leakage in 27 (87%) of 31 consecutive patients referred to their institution with MR imaging evidence of SIH.

  • Spine
    You have access
    Decubitus CT Myelography for Detecting Subtle CSF Leaks in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
    P.G. Kranz, L. Gray and T.J. Amrhein
    American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) 754-756; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5995

Online Features

  • Letters

    • Letter
      You have access
      Paranasal Sinus CT Is of Variable Value in Patients with Pediatric Cancer with Neutropenic Fever
      C.M. Pfeifer
      American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2019, 40 (4) E19; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6007
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 40 (4)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 40, Issue 4
1 Apr 2019
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