- MR Thermometry during Transcranial MR Imaging–Guided Focused Ultrasound Procedures: A Review
Transcranial MR imaging-guided focused ultrasound enables precise delivery of energy through an intact skull for the treatment of various neurologic disorders. Real-time and noninvasive MR thermometry is critical to achieve precise and controlled transcranial focused ultrasound treatments. This article provides an updated review on clinically applicable considerations of proton resonance frequency MR thermometry, including pitfalls and limitations, to avoid complications during MRgFUS procedures.
- Frequency of Coexistent Spinal Segment Variants: Retrospective Analysis in Asymptomatic Young Adults
Spinal segment variants are highly prevalent and can potentially lead to incorrect spinal enumeration. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of spinal segment variants and to study the potential association among these variants in an asymptomatic population. The results showed that the spinal segment variants are highly prevalent, ranging from 4.2% (cervical rib) to 26.4% (LSTV), and that these variants are associated with each other. The authors recommend further imaging for spine enumeration before interventions or operations when a spinal segment variant is identified.
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