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In this study 29 patients underwent anatomic and functional imaging (DWI and DTI) of peripheral nerve masses in an attempt to improve their characterization. ADC values were lower in malignant tumors, the involved nerves had lower fractional anisotropy, and DTI showed differences between benign and malignant tumors. The authors concluded that tractography and fractional anisotropy provide insight into neural integrity while low diffusivity indicates malignancy.