Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Measuring the diameter of the VA. The diameter of each VA was calculated as the average of the measurements made at 3 consecutive points, spaced 3 mm apart, starting from the vertebrobasilar junction.
- FIG 2.
Basilar artery occlusion in a patient with left VAH (A) showing right posterior inferior cerebellar artery infarction due to cardioembolism (B), whose 3-month mRS was 4. Follow-up MRA shows a recanalized basilar artery (C).
Tables
- Table 1:
Characteristics of patients with cardioembolic stroke with atrial fibrillation with left VA hypoplasia and othersa
Total (n = 407) Left VAH (n = 45) Others (n = 362) P Value Age (yr) 73.3 (SD, 10.5) 74.9 (SD, 10.1) 73.1 (SD, 10.5) .276 Female sex 196 (48.2) 25 (62.2) 160 (46.4) .045 Hypertension 279 (68.6) 35 (77.8) 244 (67.4) .157 Diabetes mellitus 113 (27.8) 15 (33.3) 98 (27.1) .376 Hyperlipidemia 129 (31.7) 11 (24.4) 118 (32.6) .268 Ischemic heart disease 80 (19.7) 6 (13.3) 74 (20.4) .258 History of stroke 107 (26.3) 9 (20.0) 98 (27.1) .309 Current smoker 110 (27.0) 11 (24.4) 99 (27.3) .679 Initial NIHSS 6.0 (2.0–13.0) 6.0 (2.5–11.5) 6.0 (2.0–13.0) .886 Lesion location Anterior circulation 293 (72.0) 23 (51.1) 270 (74.6) .001 Posterior circulation 92 (22.6) 19 (42.2) 73 (20.2) .001 Both 22 (5.4) 3 (6.7) 19 (5.2) .692 BAO 15 (3.7) 5 (11.1) 10 (2.8) .005 3-Month mRS 2.0 (0.3–4.0) 3.0 (1.0–5.0) 2.0 (0.0–4.0) .067 3-Month mRS 0–2 234 (57.5) 20 (44.4) 214 (59.1) .060 3-Months mRS 0–3 281 (69.0) 25 (55.6) 256 (70.7) .038 Note:—BAO indicates basilar artery occlusion.
↵a Results are presented as number and percentage, mean, or median (25th–75th percentile).
- Table 2:
Characteristics of patients with cardioembolic stroke with PICA territory infarction contralateral to VAHa
VAH Right PICA Territory Infarction (n = 21) Left PICA Territory Infarction (n = 28) P Value Left 6 (28.6) 1 (3.6) .013 Right 5 (23.8) 9 (32.1) .523 Symmetric 10 (47.6) 18 (64.3) .243 ↵a Results are presented as number and percentage.
- Table 3:
Characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation–related cardioembolic stroke with good functional outcome (mRS 0–2) versus poor functional outcome (mRS 3–6)a
3-Month mRS 0–2 (n = 234) 3-Month mRS 3–6 (n = 173) P Value Age (yr) 70.8 (SD, 9.8) 76.7 (SD, 10.5) <.001 Female sex 92 (41.5) 93 (57.2) .002 Hypertension 151 (64.5) 128 (74.0) .042 Diabetes mellitus 51 (22.8) 62 (35.8) .002 Hyperlipidemia 79 (33.8) 50 (28.9) .298 Ischemic heart disease 49 (20.9) 31 (17.9) .448 History of stroke 45 (19.2) 62 (35.8) <.001 Current smoker 75 (32.1) 35 (20.2) .008 Initial NIHSS 3.0 (1.0–7.0) 13.0 (6.0–17.0) <.001 VAH Right 59 (25.2) 40 (23.1) .627 Left 20 (8.5) 25 (14.5) .060 Symmetric 155 (66.2) 108 (62.4) .427 Lesion location Anterior circulation 164 (70.1) 129 (74.6) .260 Posterior circulation 59 (25.2) 33 (19.1) .108 Both 11 (4.7) 11 (6.4) .465 BAO 4 (1.7) 11 (6.4) .014 Note:—BAO indicates basilar artery occlusion.
↵a Results presented as number and percentage, mean, or median (25th–75th percentile).
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