Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Enrollment flow chart. PCA indicates posterior cerebral artery.
- FIG 2.
Ninety-day mRS according to mTICI. The dashed line indicates mRS 0–2; the dotted line, mRS 0–3 mRS; the continuous line, mRS 0–5 and mortality.
- FIG 3.
A, Probability of good outcome according to MR imaging pc-ASPECTS. B, Probability of good outcome according to the baseline NIHSS score comparing the whole sample and the atherosclerotic subgroup.
- FIG 4.
Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis of different predictive models. The technical model area includes the following: thrombectomy techniques, mTICI, F-P mTICI, large-bore catheters, and groin-to-reperfusion time. The clinical model area includes age, sex, and NIHSS score.
Tables
Characteristics Overall Poor Outcomes at 90-Day mRS (3–6) Favorable Outcomes at 90-Day mRS (0–2) P Value No. 191 118 (61.78%) 73 (38.21%) Age (mean) 68.3 [SD, 13.97] 69.94 [SD, 12.83] 65.63 [SD, 15.35] .037 Women 61 (31.9%) 40/118 (33.9%) 21/73 (28.7%) .460 Baseline NIHSS (IQR) 12 (7–20) 15 (9–26) 9 (5–15) <.001 CT 161 (84.2%) 96/118 (81.6%) 65/73 (89.0%) .156 CTA 130 (68.0%) 77/118 (65.2%) 53/73 (72.6%) .290 CTP 18 (9.4%) 10/118 (8.4%) 8/73 (10.9%) .568 MR imaging 80 (41.9%) 53/118 (44.9%) 27/73 (36.9%) .280 Pc-ASPECTS (CT) 8.16 [SD, 2.76] 8.08 [SD, 2.60] 8.27 [SD, 3.00] .168 Pc-ASPECTS (MR imaging) 6.63 [SD, 1.64] 6.33 [SD, 1.62] 7.22 [SD, 1.55] .006 Occlusion site .611 BA 180 (94.2%) 112/118 (94.9%) 68/73 (93.1%) VA 11 (5.3%) 6/118 (5.1%) 5/73 (6.89%) Presumed etiology .001 Atherosclerotic 67 (35.1%) 52/118 (44.1%) 15/73 (20.8%) Thromboembolic 124 (64.9%) 66/118 (55.9%) 58/73 (79.4%) Thrombolysis 57 (30%) 28/118 (23.7%) 29/73 (40.3%) .019 Wake-up stroke 13 (6.8%) 8/118 (6.8%) 5/73 (6.8%) .985 Contact aspiration 110 (57.6%) 58/118 (49.1%) 52/73 (71.2%) .003 Stent retriever 23 (12.0%) 15/118 (12.7%) 8/73 (10.9%) .718 Combined 43 (22.5%) 33/118 (27.9%) 10/73 (13.7%) .022 Use of alternative thrombectomy techniques 11 (5.7%) 8/118 (6.8%) 3/73 (4.10%) .441 No endovascular access 4 (2.1%) 4/118 (3.4%) 0 mTICI 2b/3 165 (86.4%) 95/118 (80.5%) 70/73 (95.9%) .003 mTICI 3 129 (67.5%) 64/118 (54.2%) 65/73 (89.0%) <.001 First-pass effect mTICI 2b/3 97 (50.8%) 48/118 (40.7%) 49/73 (67.1%) <.001 First-pass effect mTICI 3 82 (42.9%) 36 (30.5%) 46 (63.0%) <.001 Large-bore catheters 74 (38.7%) 39/118 (33.0%) 35/73 (47.9%) .040 Symptom-to-groin (IQR) 290 (201–420) 295 (201–405) 278.9 (201–455) .941 Reperfusion time (IQR) 50.5 (27–92.5) 60 (30–105) 40.5 (25–77) .021 Onset-to-reperfusion (IQR) 392.5 (285–570) 392.5 (300–560) 388.5 (275–655) .747 Note:—VA indicates vertebral artery; BA, basilar artery.
Variable OR 95% CI P Value Age 0.91 0.84–1.00 .067 NIHSS baseline 0.77 0.61–0.96 .025 Pc-ASPECTS MR imaging 3.01 1.03–8.76 .043 Contact aspiration 18.06 0.39–833.14 .139 Combined 0.10 0.00–17.07 .383 mTICI 2b/3 0.24 0.00–9.65 .450 Thrombolysis 0.02 0.00–2.19 .106 First-pass effect mTICI 2b/3 3.24 0.11–95.42 .495 Presumed etiology (atherosclerotic) 0.12 0.00–1.88 .133 Large-bore catheters 0.98 0.04–21.89 .991 Reperfusion time 0.99 0.97–1.02 .869 Characteristics Overall First-Pass Effect, mTICI 0/2a First-Pass Effect, mTICI 2b/3 P Value No. 187 90 (48.13%) 97 (51.87%) Age (mean) (yr) 68 [SD, 13.9] 66.2 [SD, 13.30] 69.7 [SD, 14.4] .085 Women 61 (32.6%) 22/90 (24.4%) 39/97 (40.2%) .022 CTA 126 (68.1%) 57/90 (63.3%) 69/97 (71.1%) .256 Occlusion site .540 BA 176 (94.1%) 86/90 (95.6%) 90/97 (92.8%) VA 11 (5.9%) 4/90 (4.4%) 7/97 (7.2%) Presumed etiology .014 Atherosclerotic 66 (35.3%) 40/90 (44.4%) 26/97 (26.80%) Thromboembolic 121 (64.7%) 50/90 (55.6%) 71/97 (73.2%) Thrombolysis 56 (29.9%) 27/90 (30%) 29/97 (29.9%) .988 Contact aspiration 110 (58.8%) 39/90 (43.3%) 71/97 (73.2%) <.001 Stent retriever 23 (12.3%) 12/90 (13.3%) 11/97 (11.3%) .678 Combined 43 (23.0%) 33/90 (36.7%) 10/97 (10.3%) <.001 Use of alternative thrombectomy techniques Large-bore catheters 74 (39.6%) 24/90 (26.7%) 50/97 (51.5%) .001 Symptom-to-groin (IQR) 293 (210–420) 287 (201–405) 300.5 (210–432.5) .086 Note:—VA indicates vertebral artery; BA, basilar artery.
Variable OR 95% CI P Value Age 1.02 0.99–1.04 .091 Female 2.05 1.02–4.11 .041 Presumed etiology (atherosclerotic) 0.68 0.33–1.38 .289 Contact aspiration 1.30 0.50–3.34 .582 Combined 0.26 0.09–0.76 .014 Large-bore catheters 2.25 1.08–4.67 .030 - Table 5:
Multivariate logistic analysis of successful reperfusion among aspiration, stent retriever, and other techniques (combined technique was used as a reference category)
Technical Outcome Aspiration Stent Retriever Other Techniques Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR (95% CI) Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR (95% CI) Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR (95% CI) mTICI 2b/3 1.32 (0.46–3.78) 0.79 (0.25–2.55) 1.70 (0.31–9.20) 4.22 (0.40–44.17) 0.72 (0.12–4.23) 1.39 (0.18–10.58) mTICI 3 1.82 (0.86–3.84) 1.47 (0.66–3.29) 1.22 (0.42–3.51) 2.03 (0.59–6.97) 1.14 (0.29–4.51) 1.40 (0.28–6.82) First-pass effect mTICI 2b/3 6.00 (2.67–13.48)a 5.75 (2.41–13.70)a 3.02 (1.02–8.92)a 2.04 (0.60–6.96) 2.75 (0.69–10.94) 2.07 (0.37–11.46) First-pass effect mTICI 3 5.65 (2.40–13.29)a 5.18 (2.11–12.72)a 2.33 (0.73–7.38) 1.90 (0.52–6.99) 2.49 (0.58–10.64) 1.68 (0.27–10.20) ↵a P value < .05.
