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Device SPED DED p64/p48 MW HPC Manufacturer Medtronic Acandis phenox Year of release 2014 2016 2017 Stent structure Permanent mesh cylinder braided from platinum, tungsten, and cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy wires 24 Nitinol wires with radiopaque platinum core looped at the end, with a 48-wire braid Drawn filled tubing wires with platinum core and nitinol coating Diameter 2.5–5 mm 3.5–6 mm p64: 2.5× 5 mm
p48 MW: 1.75–2 mmLength 10–35 mm 15–50 mm p64: 9–30 mm
p48 MW: 9–18 mmPrevious versions 1) PED; original device available since 2008
2) FPED: resheathable and available since 2014A non-BlueXide (Acandis)-coated version was available briefly p64/P48 MW non-HPC versions Surface modifier PC polymer (Shield technology) BlueXide pHPC Description <3-nm PC polymer covalently bonded to stent braids 50-nm titanium oxide and titanium oxynitride surface finishing Covalent bonding of the proprietary pHPC to the stent braids Proposed mechanism PC is a constituent of the red cell membranes, thus reduces platelet adhesion and activation Reduces friction during delivery and expansion, thus reducing thrombogenicity Mimics glycocalyx on the vessel wall to inhibit platelet plug formation Note:—PC indicates phosphorylcholine; pHPC, phenox Hydrophilic Polymer Coating; PFED, Pipeline Flex without Shield coating.
Overall DED SPED Intergroup Heterogeneity Efficacy outcomes Technical success 99.6% (98.6%–99.8%)
I2 = 33.0% P = .165100% (99.2%–100%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .48799.2% (97.2%–100%)
I2 = 54.4% P = .087P = .165 Aneurysm occlusion rate (6 mo) 80.5%b (74.5%–86.0%)
I2 = 70.8% P = .00078.9% (74.3%–83.1%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .55982.7%b (73.4%–90.4%)
I2 = 75.3% P = .000P = .420 Aneurysm occlusion rate (12 mo) 85.6% (80.6%–90.0%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .74487.8% (80.9%–93.5%)
NA83.2% (75.8%–89.6%)
NAP = .329 Safety outcomes Mortality rate 1.0% (0.3%–1.9%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .6081.3% (0.2%–3.1%)
I2 = 5.47% P = .3660.8% (0.1%–1.9%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .675P = .410 Morbidity rate 6.0% (4.5%–7.7%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .8576.3% (3.9%–9.1%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .6185.8% (3.9%–8.1%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .710P = .725 Total ischemia rate 6.7%b (4.1%–10.1%)
I2 = 61.9% P = .0108.3%b (2.9%–15.7%)
I2 = 75.1% P = .0076.3% (3.2%–10.2%)
I2 = 50.1% P = .111P = .548 Serious ischemia rate 1.8% (0.8%–3.0%)
I2 = 12.1% P = .3352.5% (1.0%–4.6%)
I2 = 0.00% P = .6851.2% (0.1%–3.2%)
I2 = 37.0% P = .190P = .240
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