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AJNR Awards, New Junior Editors, and more. Read the latest AJNR updates

Research ArticlePediatric Neuroimaging

Characterizing the Subcortical Structures in Youth with Congenital Heart Disease

K. Fontes, F. Courtin, C.V. Rohlicek, C. Saint-Martin, G. Gilbert, K. Easson, A. Majnemer, A. Marelli, M.M. Chakravarty and M. Brossard-Racine
American Journal of Neuroradiology July 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6667
K. Fontes
aFrom the Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory (K.F., F.C., K.E., M.B.-R.), Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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F. Courtin
aFrom the Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory (K.F., F.C., K.E., M.B.-R.), Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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C.V. Rohlicek
bDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (C.V.R.)
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C. Saint-Martin
cDepartment of Medical Imaging, Division of Pediatric Radiology (C.S.-M.)
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G. Gilbert
fMR Clinical Science (G.G.), Philips Healthcare, Markham, Ontario, Canada
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K. Easson
aFrom the Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory (K.F., F.C., K.E., M.B.-R.), Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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A. Majnemer
dDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology (A. Majnemer)
gSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy (A. Majnemer, M.B.-R.)
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A. Marelli
jMcGill Adult Unit for Congenital Heart Disease Excellence (A. Marelli), McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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M.M. Chakravarty
hDepartments of Psychiatry (M.M.C.)
iBiological and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
kComputational Brain Anatomy Laboratory (M.M.C.), Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada.
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M. Brossard-Racine
aFrom the Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory (K.F., F.C., K.E., M.B.-R.), Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
eDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology (M.B.-R.), Montreal Children’s Hospital McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
gSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy (A. Majnemer, M.B.-R.)
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  • FIG 1.
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    FIG 1.

    Segmentation of the subcortical structures. T1-weighted image of a female participant with CHD (17 years of age) with delineation of the subcortical structures: globus pallidus left (green) and right (fuschia), thalamus left (blue) and right (yellow), and striatum left (red) and right (turquoise) in the axial (A) and coronal (B) planes.

  • FIG 2.
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    FIG 2.

    Group differences between CHD and control participants for the globus pallidus (A) and thalamus surface area (B). The darker blue colors indicate regions of significantly smaller surface area (more concave), and the darker orange indicates regions of significantly larger surface area (more convex) in CHD participants compared with controls (q < 0.15). Analyses were adjusted for total brain volume and socioeconomic status.

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    FIG 3.

    Group differences between CHD and control participants for globus pallidus (A) and thalamus displacement (B). The darker blue colors indicate regions of significant inward displacement in CHD participants compared with controls. The darker orange colors indicate regions of significant outward displacement in CHD participants compared with controls (q < 0.15). Analyses were adjusted for total brain volume and socioeconomic status.

Tables

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  • Participants’ characteristics

    Variables; mean ± standard deviation, n (%), median [range]CHD (n = 48)Control (n = 48)P value
    Age at MRI, years20.16 ± 2.220.48 ± 2.0.458
    Sex  
     Male20 (41.7%)20 (41.7%) 
     Female28 (58.3%)28 (58.3%) 
    BMI23.59 ± 4.7823.55 ± 3.8.965
    Socioeconomic statusa38.20 ± 8.4844.30 ± 6.9<.001
    Type of CHD   
     Univentricular11/48 (22.9%)  
     Biventricular37/48 (77.2%)  
    • Note:—BMI indicates body mass index.

    • ↵a Score on the Hollingshead Four-Factor Index of Social Status, with higher scores indicating higher social status.

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Cite this article
K. Fontes, F. Courtin, C.V. Rohlicek, C. Saint-Martin, G. Gilbert, K. Easson, A. Majnemer, A. Marelli, M.M. Chakravarty, M. Brossard-Racine
Characterizing the Subcortical Structures in Youth with Congenital Heart Disease
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2020, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6667

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Characterizing the Subcortical Structures in Youth with Congenital Heart Disease
K. Fontes, F. Courtin, C.V. Rohlicek, C. Saint-Martin, G. Gilbert, K. Easson, A. Majnemer, A. Marelli, M.M. Chakravarty, M. Brossard-Racine
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2020, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6667
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