Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Schematic illustration showing a coronal plane of the left cerebral hemisphere and 3 subtypes of collateral anastomoses: lenticulostriate, thalamic, and choroidal anastomoses. A indicates artery; Med, medullary; Subepend, subependymal; TGA, thalamogeniculate artery; TPA, thalamoperforating artery; TTA, thalamotuberal artery. Reprinted with permission from Funaki et al.18
- FIG 2.
Flowchart for patient inclusion. Asterisk indicates that the patients have the anastomoses for which signals could be identified all the way from the origin to the cerebral cortex without interruption on MR angiography.
- FIG 3.
Cortical distributions for each type of collateral depicted on a standard brain surface model (A, All types; B, Lenticulostriate anastomosis; C, Thalamic anastomosis; D, Choroidal anastomosis). Each dot shows the point of anastomosis outflow to the cortex (blue dot, lenticulostriate anastomosis; black dot, thalamic anastomosis; red dot, choroidal anastomosis). Unfilled circles represent outflow on the insular cortex. Pale dots represent outflow located in a sulcus. CS indicates central sulcus.
- FIG 4.
Cortical distributions of each type of collateral depicted on a standard brain surface model. Each dot shows the point where each anastomosis outflowed to the cortex (blue dot, lenticulostriate anastomosis; black dot, thalamic anastomosis; red dot, choroidal anastomosis). White circles (circles without fill) show dots located on the insular cortex. A, All dots are depicted on a brain surface model. B, The view from the medial surface of a 3D brain surface model. Dots were extracted that exist within 15 mm from the midline.
- FIG 5.
Mediolateral (x-coordinate) distribution of outflow to the cortex for each type of anastomosis. The value for the midline of images is 181, and the value for the lateral edge of images is 361. Values for x-coordinates are shown as density estimations. The asterisk indicates P < .001.
- FIG 6.
Posteroanterior (y-coordinate) distribution of outflow to the cortex for each type of anastomosis. The value for the posterior edge of images is 1, and the value for the frontal edge of images is 395. Values for y-coordinates are shown as density estimations. The asterisk indicates P < .001.
- FIG 7.
Caudocranial (z-coordinate) distribution of outflow to the cortex for each type of anastomosis. The value for the caudal edge of images is 1, and the value for the cranial edge of images is 345. Values for z-coordinates are shown as density estimations.
Tables
Patient characteristics
Included Patients with Moyamoya Disease (n = 46) Median age (range) (yr) 28.5 (3–56) Male sex (No.) (%) 14 (30.4) Clinical presentation (No.) (%) Ischemic symptoms 28 (60.9) Hemorrhagic symptoms 11 (23.9) Other symptoms 7 (15.2)
