Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Multiplanar and axial depictions of differences between patients with HIV and control subjects in Brodmann area 9 (executive networks) and Brodmann area 13 (salience networks). Positive values represent higher correlation, and negative values depict lower correlation in patients with HIV relative to control subjects. (All the resultant maps are cluster-corrected). A, Brodmann area 9: patients-controls. B, Brodmann area 13: patients-controls.
- Fig 2.
A, Multiplanar depictions of group effect in subjects with HIV in the executive networks with the seed region in Brodmann area 9. Note large consistently activated voxels in the entire group, with activation in the dorsolateral frontal cortex and posterior inferoparietal regions and in the striatum. B, Multiplanar depictions of group effect in subjects with HIV in the executive networks with seed regions in Brodmann area 13. Large consistently activated voxels in the group with activation in the anterior insula, anterior cingulate, and thalamus.
- Fig 3.
Salience networks. Difference in correlation of the salience network with neurocognitive score (NCS): (Correlation Value in NCS > Median) − (Correlation Value in NCS < median). Orange denotes areas showing larger correlation values in patients with larger neurocognitive values, while blue shows the opposite. Each of the maps is corrected with the cluster-correction approach.
- Fig 4.
Covariate analysis with neurocognitive scores demonstrating surviving voxels in each of the 6 networks.
Tables
HIV+ (n = 18) Control (n = 9) P Age (mean) (SD) (yr) 53.7 (7.5) 55 (4.0) .6897 Male sex (%) 100 100 Ethnicity (% white) 100 100 Education (mean) (SD) (yr) 13.0 (3.0) 15 (2.0) .0043 Duration stable on cART (median) (IQR) (yr) 2 (2) NA CD4 cell count (median) (IQR) (cells/mm3) 657 (550) Nadir CD4 (median) (IQR) 194.5 (263.5) Composite neurocognitive z score (median) (IQR) −0.69 (0.75) Note:—NA indicates not applicable; IQR, interquartile range; +, positive.
Cognitive Domain Tests Speed of information CogState Detection Task processing CogState Identification Task Trail-Making Test: Parts A and B WAIS-III Digit Symbol Coding Attention/working memory CogState One Back Task CogState Two Back Task Motor functioning Grooved Pegboard: Dominant and Non-Dominant Hand Verbal learning CogState International Shopping List Task: Learning Verbal memory CogState International Shopping List Task: Delayed Recall Note:—WAIS-III indicates Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III.
- Table 3:
Mean Talairach coordinates of the center-of-gravity coordinates in X, Y, and Z axes and SD and number of voxels (1-mm resolution of each cluster) in Brodmann area 9 (control executive networks) and 13 (salience networks) seed region networksa
Mean X Mean Y Mean Z SD X SD Y SD Z Voxel No. BA 9 Cluster1_conjunction 5.98 25.50 34.01 35.43 23.28 11.16 78,154 Cluster2_conjunction 37.79 −39.71 46.68 3.68 6.20 3.33 1149 Cluster3_conjunction 2.67 7.61 22.38 7.57 9.84 2.31 824 Cluster4_conjunction −2.32 −65.50 37.52 4.02 3.44 5.86 1437 Cluster5_conjunction −32.92 −61.66 49.64 6.30 5.04 3.92 1540 BA 13 Cluster1_conjunction −30.81 10.97 12.36 14.87 15.63 13.75 16,021 Cluster2_conjunction 42.25 13.22 8.38 8.56 11.14 8.12 13,973 Cluster3_conjunction −43.21 −17.40 8.17 10.22 12.70 8.91 4252 Cluster4_conjunction 52.63 −20.30 12.93 6.53 17.32 11.82 6609 Note:—BA indicates Brodmann area.
↵a The clusters are defined on the basis of conjointly activated voxels in patients and control subjects.
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