Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Example of ROI placement is shown in a 2-year-old girl with a posterior fossa atypical choroid plexus papilloma. A, Axial T1-spoiled gradient-recalled MR image. B, Axial T2-weighted MR image. C, Contrast-enhanced axial T1-spoiled gradient-recalled MR image shows enhancing mass with a cystic component. D, ASL perfusion map shows ROI placement over the solid tumor and in the contralateral brain not affected by the tumor.
- Fig 2.
A bar graph showing comparison of high-grade and low-grade neoplasms. Significantly higher mean rTBF (*) is seen in high-grade compared with low-grade tumors. The error bars represent standard deviation.
- Fig 3.
ASL perfusion (left) of various high-grade tumors and correlative axial T2-weighted MR image (middle) and axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR image (right). A, Heterogeneous signal with regions of high rTBF (arrows) is seen in a 2-month-old girl with a large hemispheric glioblastoma. B, High rTBF signal (arrow) is seen in an 11-year-old girl. Biopsy of tumor just posterior to the necrosis showed anaplastic astrocytoma histology. Given the presence of necrosis, this was considered mixed anaplastic astrocytoma-glioblastoma. C, Markedly high rTBF (arrow) is seen within choroid plexus carcinoma in a 3-month-old girl.
- Fig 4.
ASL perfusion (left) of various low-grade tumors and correlative axial T2-weighted MR image (middle) and axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR image (right). A, Low rTBF is seen within the pilocytic astrocytoma (arrow) with some tumor regions that show ASL signal similar to the contralateral gray matter in a 9-year-old boy. B, DNT shows low ASL signal (arrow) in a 9-year-old boy. C, Higher rTBF (arrow) compared with DNT (B) is seen in a 3-year-old girl with left frontal ganglioglioma.
Tables
Tumor pathologic features by WHO grade, age, location, and rTBF
Tumor Pathologic Feature WHO Grade Mean Agea Tumor Location rTBFb High-grade tumors (III and IV) (n=21) Glioblastoma (4) IV 13 ± 8.5 Cerebrum 3.70 ± 1.89 Anaplastic astrocytoma (1) III 11 Cerebrum 3.60 CNS PNET (1) IV 9 Thalamus 1.32 Medulloblastoma (9) IV 6.1 ± 3.7 PF 2.87 ± 1.74 Primary malignant melanoma (1) IV 12 Cerebrum 1.70 Anaplastic ependymoma (2) III 3 ± 2.8 PF 1.99 ± 0.39 CNS ATRT (1) IV 4 Cerebrum 1.67 Choroid plexus carcinoma (1) III 3 months Lateral ventricle 7.96 DIPG (1) III 7 Pons 1.70 Low-grade tumors (I and II) (n=32) Pilocytic astrocytoma (8) I 9.4 ± 6.1 Cerebrum (1), cerebellum (3), brain stem (4) 1.05 ± 0.19 Hypothalamic astrocytoma (1) II 10 Hypothalamus–third ventricle 0.99 Angiocentric glioma (1) I 15 Cerebrum 0.94 DNT (2) I 5.5 ± 4.9 Cerebrum 0.89 ± 0.13 OPG (4) I 4.8 ± 1.5 Optic chiasm 0.80 ± 0.09 Choroid plexus papilloma (3) I 5.6 ± 3.5 PF (2), lateral ventricle (1) 1.13 ± 0.15 Atypical choroid plexus papilloma (1) II 2 PF 1.34 Ganglioglioma (6) I 6.2 ± 6.6 Cerebrum (5), brain stem (1) 1.45 ± 0.54 Craniopharyngioma (4) I 12.8 ± 4.3 Suprasellar cistern 0.99 ± 0.13 Atypical meningioma (1) II 8 months Cerebrum 1.60 Ependymoma (1) II 3 PF 1.82 Unspecified grade (n=1) DIPG (1) II–IV 6 Pons 1.35
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