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Research ArticleNeurointerventionE
Open Access

Closed-Cell Stent for Coil Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms: Clinical and Angiographic Results

A.K. Wakhloo, I. Linfante, C.F. Silva, E.A. Samaniego, G. Dabus, V. Etezadi, G. Spilberg and M.J. Gounis
American Journal of Neuroradiology October 2012, 33 (9) 1651-1656; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3034
A.K. Wakhloo
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.K.W., C.F.S., G.S., M.J.G.), New England Center for Stroke Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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I. Linfante
bBaptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., E.A.S., G.D.), Miami Florida
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C.F. Silva
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.K.W., C.F.S., G.S., M.J.G.), New England Center for Stroke Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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E.A. Samaniego
bBaptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., E.A.S., G.D.), Miami Florida
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G. Dabus
bBaptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute (I.L., E.A.S., G.D.), Miami Florida
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V. Etezadi
cDepartment of Radiology (V.E.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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G. Spilberg
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.K.W., C.F.S., G.S., M.J.G.), New England Center for Stroke Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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M.J. Gounis
aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.K.W., C.F.S., G.S., M.J.G.), New England Center for Stroke Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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    Fig 1.

    mRS score as a percentage of patients scored at baseline (141 patients, excludes those presenting with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage), discharge (159 patients), and follow-up (113 patients). Two patients having 2 aneurysms each were treated in a single session.

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    Fig 2.

    A 59-year-old man referred for embolization of an incidentally discovered MCA aneurysm. 3D rotational angiography (A, frontal view) and DSA (B) show a wide-neck aneurysm involving both the smaller superior and the larger inferior M2 divisions (arrowheads) as well as the anterior temporal artery (double arrows). Note an aneurysm bleb projecting superiorly (arrow). Partial stent deployment (semi-jailing technique20) with placement of a framing coil (C). Compartmental coiling with smaller fill coils and deployment of the stent (D). Final early and late arterial phase angiogram (E and F) shows obliteration of the aneurysm with delayed filling of the bleb (arrow, Raymond Class 3) and preservation of all involved MCA branches. Twenty-four-hour follow-up angiogram before discharge after discontinuation of the intraprocedural therapeutic heparin shows lack of delayed contrast filling of the bleb, most likely representing further thrombosis (G). Twelve-month follow-up angiogram (H) shows stable and complete aneurysm occlusion with preservation of all MCA branches.

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    Fig 3.

    RS as a percentage of patients scored immediately after the procedure (161 aneurysms) and at latest follow-up (120 aneurysms). All aneurysms were assessed from DSA studies performed in the view best demonstrating the aneurysm neck.

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    Table 1:

    Patient demographics and aneurysm information

    No.
    Patients147
    Aneurysms161
    Females110 (74.8%)
    Mean age (yr)54.0
    Age range (yr)27–81
    Presentation/indications for treatment
        SAH18 (11%)
        Headache/incidental80 (55%)
        Recurrence after coiling27 (18%)
        Stroke/transient ischemic attack13 (9%)
        Mass effect7 (5%)
        Recurrence after clipping/failed clipping2 (1%)
    Aneurysm dimensions
        Mean aneurysm dome size (SEM)6.5 (0.4) mm
        Mean aneurysm neck size (SEM)5.1 (0.3) mm
        Dome/neck ratio (SEM)1.3 (0.04)
    Aneurysm Location
        ACA4 (2.5%)
        AcomA15 (9.5%)
        BA15 (9.5%)
        Cavernous ICA14 (9%)
        Paraclinoid ICA18 (11%)
        Extracranial ICA3 (2%)
        ICA terminus6 (4%)
        MCA18 (11%)
        Ophthalmic/paraophthalmic23 (14%)
        PcomA23 (14%)
        PICA2 (1%)
        SCA2 (1%)
        Superior hypophyseal12 (7.5%)
        VA6 (4%)
    Morphology
        Wide-neck saccular95 (60%)
        Fusiform/dissecting24 (15%)
        Blister8 (5%)
        Recurrence (clipping or coiling)34 (20%)
    • Note:—SEM indicates standard error of the mean; ACA, anterior cerebral artery; AcomA, anterior communicating artery; BA, basilar tip; PcomA, posterior communicating artery; SCA, superior cerebellar artery; VA vertebral artery.

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    Table 2:

    Neurologic complications and mortality (unruptured aneurysms)

    Change in mRSaFrequency (No. of Patients)Description (No.)
    17New or more severe headache (4), mild extremity weakness (3), visual field deficit (1)
    21Stroke after termination of antiplatelet therapy 60 days posttreatment
    32Anterior choroidal artery stroke (1); stroke after termination of antiplatelet therapy 10 months post-treatment (1)
    6b2Sneddon syndrome, withdrawal of medical care after thromboembolism (1); stroke 6 months after treatment (1)
    • ↵a Increase in mRS from baseline (mRSfollow-up − mRSbaseline).

    • ↵b All patients with unruptured aneurysms who died, absolute mRS score.

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    Table 3:

    Neurologic outcomes and mortality (ruptured aneurysms)

    mRSFrequency (No. of Patients)aDescription (No.)
    08
    23Residual deficit after SAH (2), stroke due to stent occlusion after stopping antiplatelet therapy for shunt placement 2 months after procedure (1)
    31Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage following shunt revision while on antiplatelet therapy (1)
    65Aneurysm rebleeding (2), complications of SAH/vasospasm (3)
    • ↵a One patient lost to follow-up.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 33 (9)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 33, Issue 9
1 Oct 2012
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Cite this article
A.K. Wakhloo, I. Linfante, C.F. Silva, E.A. Samaniego, G. Dabus, V. Etezadi, G. Spilberg, M.J. Gounis
Closed-Cell Stent for Coil Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms: Clinical and Angiographic Results
American Journal of Neuroradiology Oct 2012, 33 (9) 1651-1656; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3034

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Closed-Cell Stent for Coil Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms: Clinical and Angiographic Results
A.K. Wakhloo, I. Linfante, C.F. Silva, E.A. Samaniego, G. Dabus, V. Etezadi, G. Spilberg, M.J. Gounis
American Journal of Neuroradiology Oct 2012, 33 (9) 1651-1656; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3034
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