Comparison of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics by High-Resolution Black-Blood MR Imaging between Patients with First-Time and Recurrent Acute Ischemic Stroke

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Kelly BM,
   2. Pangilinan PH Jr.,
   3. Rodriguez GM

   . The stroke rehabilitation paradigm. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2007;18:631–50, v

   CrossRefPubMed
2. 2.↵
   1. Roger VL,
   2. Go AS,
   3. Lloyd-Jones DM,
   4. et al

   . Heart disease and stroke statistics: 2011 update—a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:e18–e209. Epub 2010 Dec 15

   FREE Full Text
3. 3.↵
   1. Alberts MJ,
   2. Atkinson R

   . Risk reduction strategies in ischaemic stroke: the role of antiplatelet therapy. Clin Drug Investig 2004;24:245–54

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   1. Adams HP Jr.,
   2. Bendixen BH,
   3. Kappelle LJ,
   4. et al

   . Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke: definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial—TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke 1993;24:35–41

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
5. 5.↵
   1. Moore WS,
   2. Barnett HJ,
   3. Beebe HG,
   4. et al

   . Guidelines for carotid endarterectomy: a multidisciplinary consensus statement from the Ad Hoc Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation 1995;91:566–79

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
6. 6.↵
   1. Wasserman BA,
   2. Wityk RJ,
   3. Trout HH 3rd.,
   4. et al

   . Low-grade carotid stenosis: looking beyond the lumen with MRI. Stroke 2005;36:2504–13

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
7. 7.↵
   1. Zhao X,
   2. Underhill HR,
   3. Zhao Q,
   4. et al

   . Discriminating carotid atherosclerotic lesion severity by luminal stenosis and plaque burden: a comparison utilizing high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 Tesla. Stroke 2011;42:347–53

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
8. 8.↵
   1. Saam T,
   2. Underhill HR,
   3. Chu B,
   4. et al

   . Prevalence of American Heart Association type VI carotid atherosclerotic lesions identified by magnetic resonance imaging for different levels of stenosis as measured by duplex ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:1014–21

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
9. 9.↵
   1. Cai JM,
   2. Hatsukami TS,
   3. Ferguson MS,
   4. et al

   . Classification of human carotid atherosclerotic lesions with in vivo multicontrast magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 2002;106:1368–73

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
10. 10.↵
    1. Clarke SE,
    2. Hammond RR,
    3. Mitchell JR,
    4. et al

    . Quantitative assessment of carotid plaque composition using multicontrast MRI and registered histology. Magn Reson Med 2003;50:1199–208

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
11. 11.↵
    1. Saam T,
    2. Ferguson MS,
    3. Yarnykh VL,
    4. et al

    . Quantitative evaluation of carotid plaque composition by in vivo MRI. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:234–39

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
12. 12.↵
    1. Hatsukami TS,
    2. Ross R,
    3. Polissar NL,
    4. et al

    . Visualization of fibrous cap thickness and rupture in human atherosclerotic carotid plaque in vivo with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 2000;102:959–64

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
13. 13.↵
    1. Saam T,
    2. Cai J,
    3. Ma L,
    4. et al

    . Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerotic carotid plaque features with in vivo MR imaging. Radiology 2006;240:464–72

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
14. 14.↵
    1. Lin K,
    2. Zhang ZQ,
    3. Detrano R,
    4. et al

    . Carotid vulnerable lesions are related to accelerated recurrence for cerebral infarction magnetic resonance imaging study. Acad Radiol 2006;13:1180–86

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
15. 15.↵
    1. Kidwell CS,
    2. Warach S

    . Acute ischemic cerebrovascular syndrome: diagnostic criteria. Stroke 2003;34:2995–98

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
16. 16.↵
    1. Ota H,
    2. Yarnykh VL,
    3. Ferguson MS,
    4. et al

    . Carotid intraplaque hemorrhage imaging at 3.0-T MR imaging: comparison of the diagnostic performance of three T1-weighted sequences. Radiology 2010;254:551–63

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
17. 17.↵
    1. Yarnykh VL,
    2. Yuan C

    . T1-insensitive flow suppression using quadruple inversion-recovery. Magn Reson Med 2002;48:899–905

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. 18.↵
    1. Yarnykh VL,
    2. Yuan C

    . Multislice double inversion-recovery black-blood imaging with simultaneous slice reinversion. J Magn Reson Imaging 2003;17:478–83

    CrossRefPubMed
19. 19.↵
    1. Kerwin W,
    2. Xu D,
    3. Liu F,
    4. et al

    . Magnetic resonance imaging of carotid atherosclerosis: plaque analysis. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2007;18:371–78

    PubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Leoo T,
    2. Lindgren A,
    3. Petersson J,
    4. et al

    . Risk factors and treatment at recurrent stroke onset: results from the Recurrent Stroke Quality and Epidemiology (RESQUE) study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2008;25:254–60

    CrossRefPubMed
21. 21.↵
    1. van Lammeren GW,
    2. Reichmann BL,
    3. Moll FL,
    4. et al

    . Atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability as an explanation for the increased risk of stroke in elderly undergoing carotid artery stenting. Stroke 2011;42:2550–55. Epub 2011 Jul 7

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
22. 22.↵
    1. Chimowitz MI,
    2. Lynn MJ,
    3. Derdeyn CP,
    4. et al

    . Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis. N Engl J Med 2011;365:993–1003

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. 23.↵
    1. Saam T,
    2. Kerwin WS,
    3. Chu B,
    4. et al

    . Sample size calculation for clinical trials using magnetic resonance imaging for the quantitative assessment of carotid atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2005;7:799–808

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. 24.↵
    1. Zhao X,
    2. Zhao Q,
    3. Chu B,
    4. et al

    . Prevalence of compositional features in subclinical carotid atherosclerosis determined by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease. Stroke 2010;41:1157–62

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
25. 25.↵
    1. Wattanakit K,
    2. Folsom AR,
    3. Chambless LE,
    4. et al

    . Risk factors for cardiovascular event recurrence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Am Heart J 2005;149:606–12

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
26. 26.↵
    1. Glagov S,
    2. Weisenberg E,
    3. Zarins CK,
    4. et al

    . Compensatory enlargement of human atherosclerotic coronary arteries. New Engl J Med 1987;316:1371–75

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
27. 27.↵
    1. Kwee RM

    . Systematic review on the association between calcification in carotid plaques and clinical ischemic symptoms. J Vasc Surg 2010;51:1015–25

    CrossRefPubMed
28. 28.↵
    1. Prabhakaran S,
    2. Singh R,
    3. Zhou X,
    4. et al

    . Presence of calcified carotid plaque predicts vascular events: the Northern Manhattan Study. Atherosclerosis 2007;195:e197–201

    CrossRefPubMed
29. 29.↵
    1. Xu X,
    2. Ju H,
    3. Cai J,
    4. et al

    . High-resolution MR study of the relationship between superficial calcification and the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2010;26 (suppl 1): 143–50

    CrossRefPubMed
30. 30.↵
    1. Bobryshev YV,
    2. Killingsworth MC,
    3. Lord RS,
    4. et al

    . Matrix vesicles in the fibrous cap of atherosclerotic plaque: possible contribution to plaque rupture. J Cell Mol Med 2008;12:2073–82

    CrossRefPubMed
31. 31.↵
    1. Lee RT,
    2. Grodzinsky AJ,
    3. Frank EH,
    4. et al

    . Structure-dependent dynamic mechanical behavior of fibrous caps from human atherosclerotic plaques. Circulation 1991;83:1764–70

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
32. 32.↵
    1. Abedin M,
    2. Tintut Y,
    3. Demer LL

    . Vascular calcification: mechanisms and clinical ramifications. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004;24:1161–70. Epub 2004 May 20

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
33. 33.↵
    1. Li ZY,
    2. Howarth S,
    3. Tang T,
    4. et al

    . Does calcium deposition play a role in the stability of atheroma? Location may be the key. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;24:452–59

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
34. 34.↵
    1. Takaya N,
    2. Yuan C,
    3. Chu B,
    4. et al

    . Association between carotid plaque characteristics and subsequent ischemic cerebrovascular events: a prospective assessment with MRI: initial results. Stroke 2006;37:818–23

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
35. 35.↵
    1. Underhill HR,
    2. Yuan C,
    3. Yarnykh VL,
    4. et al

    . Predictors of surface disruption with MR imaging in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010;31:487–93

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
36. 36.↵
    1. Underhill HR,
    2. Yuan C,
    3. Zhao XQ,
    4. et al

    . Effect of rosuvastatin therapy on carotid plaque morphology and composition in moderately hypercholesterolemic patients: a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging trial. Am Heart J 2008;155: 584 e581–88
37. 37.↵
    1. Altaf N,
    2. MacSweeney ST,
    3. Gladman J,
    4. et al

    . Carotid intraplaque hemorrhage predicts recurrent symptoms in patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. Stroke 2007;38:1633–35

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
38. 38.
    1. Altaf N,
    2. Daniels L,
    3. Morgan PS,
    4. et al

    . Detection of intraplaque hemorrhage by magnetic resonance imaging in symptomatic patients with mild to moderate carotid stenosis predicts recurrent neurological events. J Vasc Surg 2008;47:337–42

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
39. 39.↵
    1. Kurosaki Y,
    2. Yoshida K,
    3. Endo H,
    4. et al

    . Association between carotid atherosclerosis plaque with high signal intensity on T1-weighted imaging and subsequent ipsilateral ischemic events. Neurosurgery 2011;68:62–67, discussion 67

    CrossRefPubMed
40. 40.↵
    1. Kume S,
    2. Hama S,
    3. Yamane K,
    4. et al

    . Vulnerable carotid arterial plaque causing repeated ischemic stroke can be detected with B-mode ultrasonography as a mobile component: jellyfish sign. Neurosurg Rev 2010;33:419–30

    CrossRefPubMed