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Research ArticleBrain

White Matter Alteration of the Cingulum in Parkinson Disease with and without Dementia: Evaluation by Diffusion Tensor Tract–Specific Analysis

K. Kamagata, Y. Motoi, O. Abe, K. Shimoji, M. Hori, A. Nakanishi, T. Sano, R. Kuwatsuru, S. Aoki and N. Hattori
American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2012, 33 (5) 890-895; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A2860
K. Kamagata
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Y. Motoi
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O. Abe
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K. Shimoji
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M. Hori
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A. Nakanishi
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T. Sano
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R. Kuwatsuru
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S. Aoki
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N. Hattori
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    Fig 1.

    Diffusion tensor tractography images of the right cingulate, fiber tracts (CFTs), and voxelization along with diffusion tensor tractography images of the anterior CFTs. A, Sagittal section of the color-coded map was used to determine coronal sections at the level of the genu of the corpus callosum and the middle of the corpus callosum. B, The seed ROI, including the entirety of the CFTs (light blue area), was placed manually on a coronal section of the color maps at the level of the genu of the corpus callosum. C, The target ROI, including the entirety of the CFTs (purple area), was placed manually on a coronal section of the color maps at the level of the center of the corpus callosum in the sagittal plane. D, Tractographic image of the right anterior CFTs was generated from the seed ROI (light blue line) to the target region of interest (purple line). E, In this study, the anterior CFTs were defined as the CFTs between the seed ROI and the target ROI. Voxelization was performed along the right anterior CFTs between the seed ROI and the target ROI (blue voxels), and FA values in coregistered voxels were calculated.

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    Fig 2.

    Diffusion tensor tractography images of the right cingulate. Fiber tracts (CFTs) and voxelization along with diffusion tensor tractography of the posterior CFTs. A, Sagittal section of the color-coded map was used to determine coronal sections at the level of the splenium of the corpus callosum and the middle of the corpus callosum. B, The seed ROI, including the entirety of the CFTs (light blue area), was placed manually on a coronal section of the color maps at the level of the splenium of the corpus callosum. C, The target region of interest, including the entirety of the CFTs (purple area), was placed manually on a coronal section of the color maps at the level of the center of the corpus callosum in the sagittal plane. D, A tractographic image of the right posterior CFTs was generated from the seed ROI (light blue line) to the target ROI (purple line). E, In this study, the posterior CFTs were defined as the CFTs between the seed ROI and the target ROI. Voxelization was performed along the right posterior CFTs between the seed ROI and the target ROI (purple voxels), and FA values in coregistered voxels were calculated.

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    Fig 3.

    FA values in the anterior cingulate fiber tracts in patients with PDD were significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (r = 0.633, P < .05).

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    Table 1:

    Demographic characteristics of subjects

    Control(n = 15)PD(n = 15)PDD(n = 15)P Value(Control vs PD)P Value(Control vs PDD)P Value(PD vs PDD)
    Sex, male/female6:99:68:7NSNSNS
    Age in years, (mean) (SD)69.5 (6.9)69.8 (5.9)71.3 (5.6)NSNSNS
    Disease duration in months (mean) (SD)NA70.6 (58)139.0 (96.5)NANA<.05
    Hoehn and Yahr stage (SD)02.3 (1.3)3.0 (0.7)NANA<.05
    MMSE (SD)28.526.1 (3.2)20.2 (4.0)NS<.01<.01
    UPDRS-III score (SD)NA19.0 (12.0)27.1 (9.9)NANA<.05
    Levodopa dosage (mg/day) (median) (SD)0409.1 (280.3)687.0 (126.0)NANA<.05
    • Note:—NA indicates not applicable; NS, not significant (P > .05).

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    Table 2:

    Comparison of MD and FA in patients and control subjectsa

    HCPDPDDHC > PDHC > PDDPD > PDD
    Anterior CFTs
        FA0.441 ± 0.035a0.399 ± 0.0280.399 ± 0.031P = .003bP = .003bP = .90
        MDc0.758 ± 0.0250.789 ± 0.0340.775 ± 0.031P = .031P = .33P = .47
    Posterior CFTs
        FA0.519 ± 0.0380.489 ± 0.0400.477 ± 0.040P = .09P = .015bP = .72
        MD0.755 ± 0.0460.759 ± 0.0220.770 ± 0.027P = .94P = .32P = .51
    Corticospinal tract
        FA0.655 ± 0.0200.651 ± 0.0220.651 ± 0.024P = .89P = .87P = .99
        MDc0.751 ± 0.0260.775 ± 0.0250.756 ± 0.031P = .077P = .92P = .17
    • Note:—HC indicates healthy controls.

    • ↵a Values are mean ± SD.

    • ↵b Indicates statistical significance (P < .016).

    • ↵c Mean diffusivity values are expressed as 10−3 mm2/s.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 33 (5)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
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K. Kamagata, Y. Motoi, O. Abe, K. Shimoji, M. Hori, A. Nakanishi, T. Sano, R. Kuwatsuru, S. Aoki, N. Hattori
White Matter Alteration of the Cingulum in Parkinson Disease with and without Dementia: Evaluation by Diffusion Tensor Tract–Specific Analysis
American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2012, 33 (5) 890-895; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A2860

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White Matter Alteration of the Cingulum in Parkinson Disease with and without Dementia: Evaluation by Diffusion Tensor Tract–Specific Analysis
K. Kamagata, Y. Motoi, O. Abe, K. Shimoji, M. Hori, A. Nakanishi, T. Sano, R. Kuwatsuru, S. Aoki, N. Hattori
American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2012, 33 (5) 890-895; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A2860
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