Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Cochlear height measured from the midpoint of the basal turn to the midpoint of the apical turn on a coronal section.
- Fig 2.
CH versus age categorized by patient hearing category. The upper dashed line (4.48 mm) is 2 SDs below the male mean CH. The lower dashed line (4.25 mm) is 2 SDs below female mean CH.\.
- Fig 3.
ICW versus age for all patients.
- Fig 4.
CH versus age and ICW versus age for patients with multiple imaging studies. Each set of data points connected by a line represents a single patient's left CH, right CH, or ICW.
Tables
Hearing Category No. of Ears Min. Max. Mean SD PValue SNHL (all) 162 2.5 6.1 5.23 0.46 .002b Males 90 4.0 6.1 5.29 0.37 .004b Females 72 2.5 6.1 5.16 0.55 .33 CHL (all) 101 4.2 6.1 5.32 0.37 .09 Males 61 4.2 6.1 5.38 0.39 .17 Females 40 4.7 6.1 5.24 0.33 .60 Mixed HL (all) 25 3.4 5.5 4.67 0.69 <.00001b Males 11 3.4 5.5 4.53 0.69 <.00001b Females 14 3.5 5.4 4.79 0.70 .008b Normal (all) 74 4.5 6.3 5.42 0.38 1 Males 52 4.5 6.3 5.48 0.38 1 Females 22 4.6 6.0 5.28 0.35 1 Unknown (all) 60 4.6 5.9 5.29 0.30 .04 Males 32 4.6 5.9 5.32 0.35 .06 Females 28 4.6 5.6 5.26 0.26 .82 Total (all) 422 2.5 6.3 5.26 0.45 Males 246 3.4 6.3 5.32 0.43 .009c Females 176 2.5 6.1 5.18 0.47 -
Note:—Min. indicates minimum; Max, maximum.
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↵a Two-sample t test P values are for comparisons among SNHL, CHL, mixed HL, or unknown-hearing ears and normal-hearing ears divided by all, male, or female.
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↵b Statistically significant differences (P < .01).
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↵c For the comparison of male and female CHs, multivariate linear regression controlling for age and ICW was used.
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Patient Age (yr) Sex L CH (mm) R CH (mm) TYPE HL Diagnosis CT Findings 1 6.3 Female 2.8 2.5 SNHL, bilaterally Bilateral vestibulocochlear dysplasia, L Mondini malformation Bilateral vestibulocochlear dysplasia R common chamber malformation, absent vestibular aqueduct, aplastic modiolus L Mondini malformation (hypoplastic cochlea with partition defect) 2 1.9 Male 3.4 3.6 Mixed HL BOR syndrome Bilateral dilated vestibular aqueduct with small modiolus, trumpet-shaped IAC, small mass in R middle ear (possible congenital cholesteatoma) 3 0.8 Female 3.7 3.5 Mixed HL BOR syndrome Bilateral tympanostomy tubes, hypoplasia of modiolus, vestibular ectasia, dilated vestibular aqueducts, Mondini deformities (cochlear ectasia with partition defects), question of ossicular fusion R middle ear and mastoid air cell opacification; absent vs hypoplastic stapes L hypoplastic mastoid with soft tissue thickening at L mesotympanum 4 6.7 Female 3.6 4.3 Mixed HL, bilaterally CHARGE syndrome Bilateral hypoplastic SCCs, prominent EAC, vestibular dysplasia, cochlear ectasia with partition defects, hypoplastic stapes R sclerosis of ossicles, poorly visualized oval window, L poorly defined modiolus 5 0.1 Male 4.2 3.8 Mixed HL, bilaterally CHARGE syndrome Bilateral absent SCCs, middle ear/mastoid air cell congestion or inflammation, normal middle ear morphology 6 6.6 Male 4.0 4.5 SNHL, bilaterally EVA syndrome Bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueducts, R cochlear implant, L hypoplastic modiolus 7 7.1 Male 4.2 4.3 CHL, bilaterally Bilateral class II microtia and EAC atresia R malformed IAC, partially formed middle ear cavity, poorly defined ossicles, narrow EAC, normal SCCs/vestibule L absent lateral SCC, vestibular dysplasia, ossicular dysplasia, absent membranous EAC, normal cochlea -
Note:—R indicates right; L, left; IAC, internal auditory canal; SCC, semicircular canals; BOR, branchio-oto-renal; EVA, enlarged vestibular aqueduct; EAC, external auditory canal..
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↵a CHs >2 SDs below the mean CH.
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