Article Figures & Data
Tables
Characteristics No. Total studies 2003 Location University of New Mexico 139 (6.9%) University of Pennsylvania 170 (8.5%) University of Pittsburgh 649 (32%) Stanford 710 (35%) Baylor College of Medicine 236 (12%) Medical College of Wisconsin 82 (4%) Medical College of Virginia 17 (0.8%) Mechanically ventilated 517 (25.8%) Chemically paralyzed 211 (40.7% of ventilated) Nonventilated 1486 (74.2%) Indication (some studies listed several) Occlusive vascular disease 705 (35%) Ischemic stroke 537 (27%) Traumatic brain injury 323 (16%) Vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage 271 (14%) Hemorrhagic stroke 96 (4.8%) Skull base aneurysm or tumor 62 (3.1%) Epilepsy 5 (0.2%) Brain tumor 3 (0.15%) Dementia 2 (0.1%) Hydrocephalus 1 (0.05%) Other 6 (0.3%) Results No.a Confirmed diagnosis 983 (49%) Clarified diagnosis 779 (39%) Altered diagnosis 61 (3%) Confirmed treatment 861 (43%) Altered treatment 258 (13%) Limited value 141 (7%) a Studies may be classified in several categories.
Event No. Prolonged respiratory suppression (>20 seconds) 39 (1.9%) Minimal respiratory suppression (10–19 seconds) 119 (5.9%) Hyperventilation (>25/min) 34 (1.7%) Other 53 (2.6%) Nausea/vomiting 11 (0.5%) Anxiety/funny feeling 7 (0.3%) Agitation 6 (0.3%) Hypertension 5 (0.2%) Numbness/tingling 4 (0.2%) Blurry vision 4 (0.2%) Decreased/impaired level of consciousness 4 (0.2%) Limb jerking/tremor 2 (0.1%) Seizure 2 (0.1%) Taste disturbance 2 (0.1%) TIA-like symptoms 2 (0.1%) Bradycardia to asystole 1 (0.05%) Dyspnea 1 (0.05%) Desaturation to 80 seconds 1 (0.05%) Chest tightness 1 (0.05%) Respiratory insufficiency 1 (0.05%) Could not tolerate mask 1 (0.05%) Headache 1 (0.05%) Claustrophobia 1 (0.05%) Severity Mild 35 (1.7%) Moderate 10 (0.5%) Severe 7 (0.3%) Event required termination of study 12
