Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
T1 map computation. Five native inversion-recovery scans are coregistered to the TI = 675 image, and the T1 maps are generated from the normalized inversion-recovery scans. The T1 map is then skull-stripped and normalized to standard space.
- Fig 2.
ANCOVA voxelwise analyses. Each column represents the 3 orthogonal orientations (axial, coronal, and sagittal) for the significant T1 difference between groups (analysis controlling for age, MAP, and intracranial vault-residualized brain parenchyma; minimum cluster size, 100 voxels; P < .005; FDR < 0.5%) overlaid on the T1 target image.
Tables
Lean Obese P Sample size 31 48 – Female 55% (17) 69% (33) .21 Age (yr) 17.1 ± 1.6 17.9 ± 1.5 .018 SES categoryb 2.5 ± 1.5 2.0 ± 1.1 .154 BMI (kg/m2) 21.5 ± 2.3 37.7 ± 5.9 <.0001 Waist/height ratio 0.85 ± 0.05 0.95 ± 0.06 <.0001 MAP 75.9 ± 7.72 82.6 ± 8.30 .001 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 71.6 ± 31.7 83.7 ± 35.4 .123 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 155.7 ± 28.3 161.0 ± 23.6 .382 HDL (mg/dL) 52.7 ± 10.7 43.4 ± 8.9 <.0001 LDL (mg/dL) 88.8 ± 25.2 101.0 ± 20.3 .023 HOMA-IR 1.47 ± 0.86 3.78 ± 2.66 <.0001 Fasting insulin (μIU/L) 7.96 ± 4.16 19.99 ± 14.01 <.0001 Fasting glucose (mg/dL) 74.6 ± 7.7 76.5 ± 8.2 .310 Brain tissue volume (mL) 1164 ± 108 1144 ± 141 .510 Intracranial vault volume (mL) 1194 ± 111 1183 ± 144 .728 CSF volume (mL) 29.7 ± 11.1 38.7 ± 20.2 .012 - Table 2:
Significant clusters demonstrating longer T1 (t value >0) or shorter T1 (t value <0) in obese adolescents compared with lean onesa
Clusters Size (voxels) Mean T Value Talairach Coordinates X Y Z Frontal No. 1 307 3.4564 8.7 83.7 17.2 OFC 193 3.3351 −2.9 −25.4 −38.3 Frontal No. 2 114 −3.4033 21.2 −42.6 −24.7 Parietal 111 3.4023 51.2 58.4 −13.3 -
↵a P < .005.
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Cluster Lean T1 (ms) Obese T1 (ms) P Frontal No. 1 959 ± 79 896 ± 86 .002 OFC 971 ± 100 1008 ± 63 .046 Frontal No. 2 703 ± 88 794 ± 134 <.0001 Parietal 769 ± 78 851 ± 92 <.0001 -
↵a Data are mean ± SD.
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