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Research ArticleBrain
Open Access

Smaller Gray Matter Volumes in Frontal and Parietal Cortices of Solvent Abusers Correlate with Cognitive Deficits

K. Aydin, S. Kircan, S. Sarwar, O. Okur and E. Balaban
American Journal of Neuroradiology November 2009, 30 (10) 1922-1928; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A1728
K. Aydin
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S. Kircan
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S. Sarwar
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O. Okur
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E. Balaban
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    Fig 1.

    Significant gray matter volume decreases in the toluene abusers compared with the control subjects (P < .05, FWE-corrected). T values of cluster with a significant decrease are overlaid on the normalized T1-weighted images of a control subject.

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    Fig 2.

    Significant negative correlations between the gray matter volume and duration of toluene abuse (P < .05, FWE-corrected). T values of cluster with a significant correlation are overlaid on the normalized T1-weighted images of a control subject.

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    Fig 3.

    Significant positive correlations between the gray matter volume and WISC performance scale scores of the toluene abusers (P < .05, FWE-corrected). T values of cluster with a significant correlation are overlaid on the normalized T1-weighted images of a control subject.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Demographic and clinical characteristics of the toluene abusers and control subjects

    Abusers (n = 15)Control Subjects (n = 20)P Value
    Age (yr)15.53 ± 1.3015.60 ± 1.09.44 (ns)
    Education (yr)6.53 ± 2.557.75 ± 1.20.07 (ns)
    Prevalence of alcohol consumption (%)7/15 (46%)7/20 (35%).48 (ns)
    Prevalence of tobacco smoking (%)9/15 (60%)11/20 (55%).76 (ns)
    Amount of weekly alcohol intake (g/week)16.00 ± 22.0610.80 ± 16.47.31 (ns)
    Amount of smoking (cigarettes/day)8.53 ± 4.476.50 ± 2.76.21 (ns)
    Age at onset of abuse (yr)12.76 ± 1.83–
    Duration of abuse (months)31.86 ± 18.74–
    Weekly inhalant use (cans/week)12.60 ± 0.77–
    WISC-III results
        Performance scale scores60.80 ± 12.8899.75 ± 4.22<.001
        Verbal scale scores67.13 ± 12.44100.05 ± 3.85.008
        FSIQ scores63.06 ± 15.97100.40 ± 4.00.005
    • Note:—FSIQ indicates full-scale intelligence quotient; WISC-III, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children; ns, not significant; –, no data.

    • View popup
    Table 2:

    The regions with the smaller cortical gray matter volume in toluene abusers compared with control subjects

    Anatomic RegionsBATalairach CoordinatesMax. T valueCluster Size
    XYZ
    Right medial frontal gyrus101559174.9834
    Right superior frontal gyrus82319475.2638
    Right orbitofrontal gyrus111634−194.7516
    Right middle frontal gyrus824−19475.4336
    Right precentral gyrus647−7475.1832
    Right superior parietal lobule717−47595.6757
    Right angular gyrus3944−62315.2143
    Right parahippocampal gyrus3625−40−44.9927
    Left medial frontal gyrus10−1058145.2342
    Left middle frontal gyrus8−2423464.5568
    Left middle frontal gyrus.9−4219275.3626
    Left middle temporal gyrus22−53−3815.0837
    • Note:—BA indicates Brodmann area; Max., maximum.

    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Cortical regions that showed a negative correlation between the gray matter volume and duration of abuse among the toluene abusers

    Anatomic RegionsBATalairach CoordinatesMax. T ValueCluster Size
    XYZ
    Right superior frontal gyrus61033535.7827
    Left middle frontal gyrus9−4018287.6356
    Left precentral gyrus6−55−4355.4518
    Right inferior temporal gyrus2057−30−165.8227
    Right superior temporal gyrus2250−5095.3825
    Left inferior temporal gyrus37−55−56−55.2922
    Right occipital lobe, cuneus1910−81255.9831
    • View popup
    Table 4:

    Cortical regions in which the cortical gray matter volumes were positively correlated with the Wechsler performance scale scores of the toluene abusers

    Anatomic RegionsBATalairach CoordinatesMax. T ValueCluster Size
    XYZ
    Left middle frontal gyrus9−4120267.4529
    Right superior parietal lobule726−47617.0821
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 30 (10)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 30, Issue 10
1 Nov 2009
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Smaller Gray Matter Volumes in Frontal and Parietal Cortices of Solvent Abusers Correlate with Cognitive Deficits
K. Aydin, S. Kircan, S. Sarwar, O. Okur, E. Balaban
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2009, 30 (10) 1922-1928; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A1728
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Cite this article
K. Aydin, S. Kircan, S. Sarwar, O. Okur, E. Balaban
Smaller Gray Matter Volumes in Frontal and Parietal Cortices of Solvent Abusers Correlate with Cognitive Deficits
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2009, 30 (10) 1922-1928; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A1728

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