Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
A, Axial T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) image (TR/TE, 4000/104 ms) of a patient (subject 3) with a low-grade oligoastrocytoma without LOH on 1p/19q. B, Axial postcontrast T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) image (TR/TE, 500/7.7 ms) of subject 3. C, Coregistered rCBV map of subject 3. D, Axial T2-weighted FSE image (TR/TE, 4000/104 ms) of a patient (subject 7) with a low-grade oligoastrocytoma with LOH on 1p/19q. E, Axial postcontrast T1-weighted SE image (TR/TE, 500/7.7 ms) of subject 7. F, Coregistered rCBV map of subject 7. Note the low rCBV values in the tumor area in image C compared with the tumor area in image F, typical of low-grade oligodendroglial tumors without LOH on 1p/19q. The corresponding normalized histogram signatures are shown in Fig 2.
- Fig 2.
Resulting normalized histogram plots of the total distribution of rCBV values from the patients shown in Fig 1. The higher peak height of the low-grade oligoastrocytoma without LOH on p/19q, shown in a dotted line (subject 3, Fig 1A–C), indicates a more homogeneous rCBV distribution than the rCBV distribution of a low-grade oligoastrocytoma with LOH on 1p/19q, shown in a solid line (subject 7, Fig 1D–F).
- Fig 3.
Mean histogram peak heights with SEs of the mean for the different glioma types investigated. The values are as follows: HGG = 0.052 (0.004), LGG = 0.094 (0.004), all high-grade oligodendroglial tumors (HGO) = 0.068 (0.010), low-grade oligodendroglial tumor with LOH on 1p/19q (LGO[−]) = 0.096 (0.004), low-grade oligodendroglial tumor without LOH on 1p/19q (LGO[+]) = 0.113 (0.002), and low-grade diffuse astrocytoma (LGA) = 0.086 (0.012). The oligodendroglial tumors include both oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas.
- Fig 4.
A scatterplot showing histogram peak heights for the 52 patients included in our study. The histogram method is able to significantly differentiate between HGGs (▴) and LGGs (+) (P < .001), with an ICC of 0.902.
- Fig 5.
Histogram peak heights for the 52 patients investigated in our study (23 LGGs and 29 HGGs). Each histogram peak height is a mean value across the 4 observers. With a cutoff value of 0.107, the sensitivity and specificity when distinguishing the 6 patients with low-grade oligodendroglial tumors without LOH on 1p/19q (red bars) from the other 46 patients (blue bars) are 100% (6/6) and 91% (42/46), respectively.
- Fig 6.
ROC curve for the histogram method when distinguishing patients with low-grade oligodendroglial tumors without LOH on 1p/19q (n = 6) from the other gliomas (n = 46). The area (±SE) under the ROC curve is Az = 0.931 ± .036.
Tables
Patient demographics, histologic features, surgical procedure, and MR imaging findings for patients diagnosed with oligodendroglial tumors
Subject Age (yr) Sex HD WHO Grade LOH on 1p/19q Classic Histology Surgical Procedure Contrast Enhancement Histogram Peak Heights* 1 62 F OD II Yes Yes Resection None 0.120 2 36 F OA II Yes No Resection None 0.095 3 28 M OA II No No Biopsy None 0.118 4 63 M AOD III Yes Yes Resection Moderate 0.075 5 54 M AOD III Yes Yes Resection Moderate 0.024 6 54 M OD II Yes Yes Biopsy None 0.091 7 44 F OA II Yes No Resection None 0.093 8 44 M OA II No No Resection None 0.109 9 40 F OA II No No Resection Extensive 0.108 10 37 F OD II Yes Yes Biopsy None 0.070 11 37 F OA II No No Resection None 0.108 12 30 F OA II Yes Yes Resection None 0.095 13 59 M AOD III No No Biopsy Extensive 0.109 14 31 F OD II Yes Yes Resection None 0.100 15 51 M AOA III No No Resection None 0.081 16 29 F AOA III No No Resection Moderate 0.045 17 71 M AOA III No No Resection Moderate 0.069 18 63 M AOA III No No Resection Moderate 0.070 19 47 M OA II Yes No Biopsy Moderate 0.093 20 43 F OA II No No Resection None 0.116 21 64 M OD II Yes Yes Biopsy None 0.105 22 38 M OA II No No Resection None 0.122 Note:—HD indicates histopathologic diagnosis; OA, oligoastrocytoma; OD, oligodendroglioma; AOD, anaplastic oligodendroglioma; AOA. anaplastic oligoastrocytoma; LOH, loss of heterozygosity.
* The histogram peak height is in units of relative frequency between 0–1.
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