Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Characteristic MR imaging appearance of a CCP in IP. Coronal T2-weighted (A) and contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted (B) MR images show alternating hypointense and hyperintense striations throughout the tumor involving the left maxillary sinus and nasal cavity.
- Fig 2.
MR images of the IPs concomitant with SCC in 2 different patients. A, Coronal contrast-enhanced, fat-suppressed, T1-weighted image shows a large irregular mass in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. Although the nasal mass displays the characteristic CCP, it is lost in most of the mass of the maxillary sinus. Note the bone destruction at the superior and lateral walls of the maxillary sinus with associated orbital invasion (arrows). B, Axial contrast-enhanced, fat-suppressed, T1-weighted image shows an expansile mass in the left nasal cavity, which displays a diffuse CCP throughout the lesion, indistinguishable from the IP without associated carcinoma. The histology revealed multiple foci of microscopic carcinoma scattered within the tumor.
- Fig 3.
Contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed MR images of 4 different malignant sinonasal tumors displaying a CCP either diffusely (A–C) or partially (D). A, SCC. B, Primitive neuroectodermal tumor. C, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma. D, Esthesioneuroblastoma. In the case of esthesioneuroblastoma, the MR image shows a large mass in the left nasal cavity, extending to the orbit and cranial cavity. Note that, whereas the nasal component of the mass displays a typical appearance of CCP, it is not seen in the rather homogeneously enhancing orbital and intracranial components (asterisks in D).
Tables
Comparison of visualization of a CCP on MR imaging between inverted papilloma and various malignant sinonasal tumors
Tumor No. of Total Subjects No. of Subjects Showing CCP on MR Imaging Diffuse Partial T2WI CE-T1WI Inverted papilloma 30 26 4 28 30 Without SCC 22 22 0 20 22 With SCC 8 4 4 8 8 Malignant tumors 128 6 11 13 17 SCC 49 2 6 6 8 Lymphoma 39 0 0 0 0 Adenoid cystic carcinoma 10 1 1 1 2 Malignant melanoma 8 0 1 0 1 Adenocarcinoma 5 1 0 1 1 Rhabdomyosarcoma 4 0 0 0 0 Esthesioneuroblastoma 3 0 2 2 2 Plasmacytoma 3 0 0 0 0 Primitive neuroectodermal tumor 2 1 0 1 1 Ameloblastic carcinoma 1 0 0 0 0 Chordoma 1 0 0 0 0 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma 1 1 0 1 1 Undifferentiated carcinoma 1 0 1 1 1 Non-keratinizing carcinoma 1 0 0 0 0 Note:—CCP indicates convoluted cerebriform pattern; T2WI, T2-weighted image; CE-T1WI, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma.
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