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AJNR Awards, New Junior Editors, and more. Read the latest AJNR updates

Research ArticleSpine Imaging and Spine Image-Guided Interventions

Minimally Invasive Oxygen-Ozone Therapy for Lumbar Disk Herniation

Cosma F. Andreula, Luigi Simonetti, Fabio de Santis, Raffaele Agati, Renata Ricci and Marco Leonardi
American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2003, 24 (5) 996-1000;
Cosma F. Andreula
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Luigi Simonetti
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Fabio de Santis
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Raffaele Agati
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Renata Ricci
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Marco Leonardi
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    Fig 1.

    Puncture at L4-L5 performed under CT guidance.

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    Fig 2.

    Injection of the oxygen-ozone mixture through a millipore filter.

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    Fig 3.

    Therapeutic outcome 6 months after oxygen-ozone therapy. Light gray bars indicate group A (n=300); dark gray bars, group B (n=300). Numbers at top of bars are percentages.

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    Fig 4.

    A, Low-magnification photomicrograph of histologic specimen of the intervertebral disk shows chronic inflammatory infiltrate (hematoxylin & eosin stain; original magnification, × 4).

    B, Higher magnification photomicrograph of histologic disk specimen discloses the lymphocytic nature of the infiltrate (hematoxylin & eosin stain; original magnification, × 10).

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    Modified MacNab method for assessing clinical outcome after oxygen-ozone therapy

    OutcomeDescription
    Successful treatment
     ExcellentDisappearance of symptoms
    Complete recovery in working and sports activities
     GoodOccasional episodes of low back pain or sciatica
    No limitations of occupational activities
    Failure of treatment
     PoorInsufficient improvement of symptoms
    Periodic administration of drugs
    Limitation of physical activities
     SurgeryNo improvement
    Worsening of clinical situation
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 24 (5)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 24, Issue 5
1 May 2003
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Cite this article
Cosma F. Andreula, Luigi Simonetti, Fabio de Santis, Raffaele Agati, Renata Ricci, Marco Leonardi
Minimally Invasive Oxygen-Ozone Therapy for Lumbar Disk Herniation
American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2003, 24 (5) 996-1000;

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Minimally Invasive Oxygen-Ozone Therapy for Lumbar Disk Herniation
Cosma F. Andreula, Luigi Simonetti, Fabio de Santis, Raffaele Agati, Renata Ricci, Marco Leonardi
American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2003, 24 (5) 996-1000;
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