- Left Hemisphere Diffusivity of the Arcuate Fasciculus: Influences of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Language Impairment
The authors used DTI measurements of the arcuate fasciculus in 14 children with language impairment, in 16 autistic children with language impairment, 18 autistic children without language impairment, and 25 controls. Although white matter abnormalities appeared similar in language impairment and autism spectrum disorder when examining broad white matter measures, detailed analysis indicated different mechanisms for the white matter microstructural anomalies associated with these disorders.
- Arterial Spin-Labeled Perfusion of Pediatric Brain Tumors
ASL was used to evaluate 54 children with recently diagnosed brain tumors using a pseudocontinuous technique and blood flow was calculated for all masses. Blood flow was higher in grade 3 and 4 tumors than in lower grade ones. Although ASL was unable to separate tumors by histology, perfusion was found to be higher in medulloblastomas than in pylocytic astrocytomas.
- No Evidence for Impairment of Venous Hemodynamics in Children or Young Adults with Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
The results of venous sonography, contrast-enhanced MRI, and MR venography in 26 pediatric patients with MS were compared with controls and 13 young adults with pediatric-onset MS. The authors concluded that chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is rarely observed in children or young adults with pediatric-onset MS as venous anatomy and flow rates showed normal outflow in most subjects.
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