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Research ArticleHead and Neck Imaging

Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted MRI Parameters and Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

C.S. Schouten, P. de Graaf, E. Bloemena, B.I. Witte, B.J.M. Braakhuis, R.H. Brakenhoff, C.R. Leemans, J.A. Castelijns and R. de Bree
American Journal of Neuroradiology February 2015, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4271
C.S. Schouten
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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P. de Graaf
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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E. Bloemena
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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B.I. Witte
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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B.J.M. Braakhuis
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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R.H. Brakenhoff
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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C.R. Leemans
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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J.A. Castelijns
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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R. de Bree
From the Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (C.S.S., B.J.M.B., R.H.B., C.R.L., R.d.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (P.d.G., J.A.C.), Pathology (E.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.W.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (E.B.), VU University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with human papillomavirus–positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas have a better survival rate than those with human papillomavirus–negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. DWI characterizes biologically relevant tumor features, and the generated ADC may also provide prognostic information. We explored whether human papillomavirus status and ADC values are independent tumor characteristics.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas underwent pretreatment DWI. ADC values for the primary tumors were determined by using 3 b-values in an ROI containing the largest area of solid tumor on a single section of an axial DWI image. Human papillomavirus status was determined with p16 immunostaining, followed by high-risk human papillomavirus DNA detection on the p16-positive cases.

RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were human papillomavirus–positive (50.0%). ADC values were not significantly different between human papillomavirus–negative (ADCmean = 1.56 [1.18–2.18] × 103 mm2/s) and human papillomavirus–positive tumors (ADCmean = 1.46 [1.07–2.16] × 103 mm2/s).

CONCLUSIONS: No significant association between ADC and human papillomavirus status was found in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. In our study population, differences in genetic and histologic features between human papillomavirus–positive and human papillomavirus–negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas did not translate into different ADC values. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to establish whether ADC has prognostic value and whether this is independent of the human papillomavirus status.

Abbreviations

HNSCC
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HPV
human papillomavirus
OPSCC
oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
  • © 2015 American Society of Neuroradiology
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C.S. Schouten, P. de Graaf, E. Bloemena, B.I. Witte, B.J.M. Braakhuis, R.H. Brakenhoff, C.R. Leemans, J.A. Castelijns, R. de Bree
Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted MRI Parameters and Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2015, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A4271

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Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted MRI Parameters and Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
C.S. Schouten, P. de Graaf, E. Bloemena, B.I. Witte, B.J.M. Braakhuis, R.H. Brakenhoff, C.R. Leemans, J.A. Castelijns, R. de Bree
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2015, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A4271
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