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Improved Turnaround Times | Median time to first decision: 12 days

Research ArticlePediatric Neuroimaging

Gray Matter Pathology in MS: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study in a Pediatric Population

M. Calabrese, D. Seppi, C. Romualdi, F. Rinaldi, S. Alessio, P. Perini and P. Gallo
American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3011
M. Calabrese
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D. Seppi
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C. Romualdi
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F. Rinaldi
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S. Alessio
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P. Perini
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P. Gallo
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: GM pathology is considered a major determinant of disability in MS, but the comprehension of its origin and progression rate is limited by the uncertainty of dating the biologic disease onset. Thus, we planned a longitudinal study aimed at analyzing and comparing cortical pathology in pediatric and adult MS patients at clinical onset.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within 12 months from clinical onset, 35 patients with cMS and 57 with aMS were included in a longitudinal study. At T0, GMf and CL number and volume were analyzed. Percentages of ΔGMf and number of new CLs were assessed every year for 3 years (T1-T3). Twenty-eight age- and sex-matched NCs constituted the reference population.

RESULTS: At T0, GMf did not differ between cMS and NC (P = .18), while it was lower in patients with aMS compared with both NCs (P < .001) and patients with cMS (P < .001). The number of patients with CLs, as well as CL number and volume, were higher in patients with aMS than in those with cMS (P < .001). At T3, ΔGMf was higher in both patients with cMS (1.6% ± 0.5%; range 0.7%–3.4%; P < .001) and aMS (1.6% ± 0.6%; range 0.6%–3.4%; P < .001) compared with NCs (0.7% ± 0.2%; range 0.4%–1.1%), whereas no difference was observed between patients with cMS and aMS (P = .93). ΔGMf significantly correlated with increased CL volume (cMS: r = 0.46; aMS: r = 0.48) and with the appearance of new CLs (cMS: r = 0.51; aMS: r = 0.49).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that focal (CLs) and diffuse (atrophy) GM damage are strictly associated with the biologic onset of MS, and proceed linearly and partly independently of WM pathology.

Abbreviations

aMS
adult-onset multiple sclerosis
CL
cortical lesion
cMS
childhood-onset multiple sclerosis
EDSS
Expanded Disability Status Scale
GM
gray matter
GMf
gray matter fraction
Δ-GMf
delta gray matter fraction
Δ-GMf_1
delta gray matter fraction at T1
Δ-GMf_2
delta gray matter fraction at T2
Δ-GMf_3
delta gray matter fraction at T3
NC
healthy control
T0
baseline
T2WMLV
T2 white matter lesion volume
  • © 2012 American Society of Neuroradiology
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M. Calabrese, D. Seppi, C. Romualdi, F. Rinaldi, S. Alessio, P. Perini, P. Gallo
Gray Matter Pathology in MS: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study in a Pediatric Population
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2012, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3011

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Gray Matter Pathology in MS: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study in a Pediatric Population
M. Calabrese, D. Seppi, C. Romualdi, F. Rinaldi, S. Alessio, P. Perini, P. Gallo
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2012, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3011
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