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Patients with MS and healthy controls underwent catheter venography to study whether stenoses and/or insufficiency affecting the azygous and internal jugular veins were related to the disease. There were no differences in the presence of stenoses and/or chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency between the 2 groups and thus the authors state that their data exclude a direct correlation between these anomalies and MS.

Patients studied for acute stroke were evaluated with full- and half-dose contrast-enhanced neck MRA and brain perfusion imaging and results were compared. Detection specificity and overestimation of stenoses were slightly higher for the half-dose studies but perfusion mismatches were identified with high interobserver agreement at both doses. Thus, low-dose studies are feasible and save time and contrast volume.