Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common congenital viral infections.
- Seven-to-ten percent of neonates with CMV infection show features such as microcephaly, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenic purpura, hearing loss, and intracranial calcifications.
- Children infected at younger gestational age have poorer outcome.
- Key Diagnostic Features:
- Intracranial periventricular calcification
- Migrational anomalies
- Ventriculomegaly
- Cerebral atrophy
- Microcephaly
- Periventricular cysts [most commonly involving the anterior temporal regions]
- DDx
- Other ToRCH infections — toxoplasmosis, other (syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19), rubella, CMV, and herpes
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Rx: Symptomatic and supportive
