{"markup":"\u003C!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \u0022-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\u0022 \u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\u0022\u003E\n\u003C?xml version=\u00221.0\u0022 encoding=\u0022UTF-8\u0022 ?\u003E\u003Chtml version=\u0022HTML+RDFa+MathML 1.1\u0022 content=\u0022http:\/\/purl.org\/rss\/1.0\/modules\/content\/\u0022 dc=\u0022http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/\u0022 foaf=\u0022http:\/\/xmlns.com\/foaf\/0.1\/\u0022 og=\u0022http:\/\/ogp.me\/ns#\u0022 rdfs=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/01\/rdf-schema#\u0022 sioc=\u0022http:\/\/rdfs.org\/sioc\/ns#\u0022 sioct=\u0022http:\/\/rdfs.org\/sioc\/types#\u0022 skos=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2004\/02\/skos\/core#\u0022 xsd=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema#\u0022 mml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\u0022\u003E\u003Chead\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/www.highwirestage.com\/sites\/default\/files\/js\/js_emoFzfXbbTdflMmmME0VF2KnfND30HvkST4A1XKeKus.js\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\u003C!--\/\/--\u003E\u003C![CDATA[\/\/\u003E\u003C!--\njQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {\u0022basePath\u0022:\u0022\\\/\u0022,\u0022pathPrefix\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022panels_ajax_pane\u0022:{\u0022new-d5e9ecaa-460b-40c1-87fb-0dbcbc3a749d\u0022:\u0022{\\u0022encrypted\\u0022:\\u0022{\\\\\\u0022encrypted\\\\\\u0022:\\\\\\u0022emOFrS5WMYtanmPDGayXa\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/fN3+4Y+FCT6KwU7q2KwJLZFTdhZfdibWmc\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/k4oZeZFgJMJr+kpJfznn\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/gc5Jnpieb8PgafOPQuaYHYDIY6NbC+CET8fjIh1sNtOlB18Gp8SFaE3sg01HgTxGUpMUdw\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/g1qZLWCXKYFnb2DbdgwuUz1AuJxP8N5gE5enh16f2bCrMJRKCzeXVJ4HZ8sowCJkD+6t\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/UYwUGMXrvGiu9kovpV6NQUtUHFl6UpIe3GNHjJf+hicZpi7OWArhf2pkr98xi6qJLoaf0ZnM4q4JhKfVahxWhnepkBgRwe7zhdv0kQy+9x15CduOkUSs6bO37o+9L1BowXVdm2kHQavSKuLXwcaBnKa3ao0CZdUCK9CMaagoD4UkKTWTxT9CLRtGGZyfR7fy\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/qUX6myY7JOQca8tiGT\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/+qKUaQ4nXq9aHKKIfL+HypraOlHJk5Fd8PaIK0aVWYxmQMtF1C3xOzzGynwKK2j0IrR96G9X4z1fzUEVUM\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/d+6z\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/I8aBA8P7DLhaqXiZe3Glj8EcCKSCWfmeLNREzqwjcadWWdo+Q1rmQgFFGP1zh1lGHkbr\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/eh6pFmDbWAlzwxulxu9gvu94bO4Zxyj\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/8NvAQ5fDxEmJ0fRXKUGnMKD5916JVp0m5mNeDFPMpmwBd+MntRB\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/muRC5hUOWieOP62di67FRUpP\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/K8DcbCve17ga67FWS04DEXdoIhVwV7o14zU5CRyp2mOpYVq6mQwwQ0J0y3SFNKqwy9TjO9x5JBBp+Kic9y0b8BbUv+6ZdMvfsXpR0uqz1ZKln0nFpKDnNEOw88sd00IDbf29TLwveslFIyTZt8ZMFqSFoGw+hX5fPcvIIGDIAQ\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/OUCJfLFBJnD6GjPOdOCh+rM5Q0+EDpv5sy1K5lKrM+Mh3Ld5YsH2fLO\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/TLJy8F5N5TOrDx\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/XGDuG8c6Y2Lxa9On8\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/Ktr0PfSyTXSUs+4hUKeznO64cb6EHcUMekSC+mMS2n4nnMY9PMpv3KA+vi0vwZgWaa41vRzPo3fTP7L5bTk7PUUW3a7pyKRiv1aWKxvgMVygSvH3\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/KsDuYo5YKfocDp1goS6PeplYP3BkHYFIB+SjABbiaWCUNSBYk+Wk2CFX20K3MYcSoE\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/9zmImhV3fHDJE8fu3sEzCzjMPxS+y0WNhod1CCSZZikFADbeXAN3TFsJIM6tpSIZfEGmnrKonbXWyCyOo45zXD\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/MtEAQv7tPZiL7ePRSoZ3MIExuAhXqtybmvr9bczE\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/7hT3OuDNv0DfTdxaH1xoAfq1BieErA+ij2u9cG2DMSnXamzE2DkA\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/FWTlWf9b\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/tB4iMDUMzyv0l7hi6AI7OJ0klwBLJpX7A07sB1AJyyZ6TDNVyL8q1aL1I59cLAainNq5tnkG8lxGWHalcpZeOr4fCY5FFNNlRGaSo2ipS3WKsx5IV16rzRFhYI6m3jB\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/Ro+pr5xcuNulg8fFGFPEN2Py5egpYUUHttoGS5tFfbxPYOvcBBw9lAan21bz9ZChotT+\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/gcp01facM\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/2A67Y4YTaN0IZCDTwU0C3zJakxGJtPoh3rgFZKDDq6MLYJFpcAHSXjrvpsFJZXgAHTLKxoXV4uTTfCZA1PbHw6xYv9yfpZONJJilYNJOlnEuZjDdxmBEYqJeJDJ\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/BTMJyGhLx3iNN66USrsm7jiXUstfJi\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/7CbZOxKyaQ04+PyX5u46g2IfoFThmOxeOH7uVvgk7AB6\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/8lJp4\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/FfFpGGKKJ8WJ7xhyaB7c6H6B31LZLuISb7OHCvfWyqhvJ0J53wpuk9Mk2lSJm3Ewynb7dSFKFlyE5AqI9M7IdrHmFfk2F5Oz47wp7HzDQj0nvfczZYzgRH0nFF0\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/IHvLPCDoz+vpS9owY+9mVMk8jnpEgPNxHaRWxJSLt4hQYp3tnnIpI7UHrszdxqq5i5Eav0dwINhfewZKke33gBIloTnpW9SndYi7j+PprsS7d2bnAQar\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/rJqgnZfcyhBjl5W\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/W3vNhuUPN8lmkn5rLDB3eUsGqkLmI0AUWZ9Xtu2b7X9uMMSav+H7ywCNndBfc+ygOzKNJYaIdZNE7sKR41md+tHPzXN50YdamRFPurTvCZIfIvn2o5F2e6tQHz1SL0iWkLu0mCtIkkwUtGA06bRY3kuVOmEIrPa0V8Qo\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/Fp0icfiD9St6mKjD0J3SGIB9L6T8ivFIELnplpEKgLq0Qyf+U2Hf0m3VSYG6HLhjl8CJDgxQ33BiVBi5kb5vcyL8usVrHrdW1q7q63xIywmfGvBlUEbZN6NCMRb4a5nBuC722KZO0I\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/4YIFbZoXRhGsdxkegIvamb4RALalPWo1SE+ZPR4knxrozoU\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/iL1SoACf7ymZzhFJXt6qnl3QZ+\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/JO\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/u9Lbc3UqkbIW4+xZNNjsMwZUMYtfn2lq0EhJHlpcrGLQKRrv70CnF31ZbisJZfOsjmVez3JSJJsRF4TPPM3mcmff38lfPHrTag229uOt5vi3yL3kBGC5stvO0JDkflhX23tIJ+nrToMD9\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/h3I3MYilVS8ARNJ6MtJDitrORYfpx8CyH5unn4OfhuoiW+cqSay8tiuDgG4+l5WXkJPR6uR+2osCW2ZXGkaVPAisPEbu16Kvpjb14OJtjurDG1WMtJtbfLD8FWxTrlCXGmFwmjl3s8fgWIRINT8JcT8+FLw5SpTNDROp+zHdgZ+U4BrP\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/kGKNLdnJuw1pohRT\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/OBUCoQHeo\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/CQ+u\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/rlw5jHQqLT4kN8\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/CCgxAw8+437viZESIr8xzoPKNS412RJSg26ZGjclRdovFad5pownh6jhEOagFutbqtBRFdWEETGU9072+rdOk0daQMvLeSvTDn566Q5B5+d1AgxOjp7utsl9g3RxFw6asUB129qeTm5b\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/njtBP0TbvPyXD3D+g==\\\\\\u0022,\\\\\\u0022iv\\\\\\u0022:\\\\\\u0022tJ3Wj9UAswTAw1L53Kq\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/HA==\\\\\\u0022,\\\\\\u0022salt\\\\\\u0022:\\\\\\u00223fcf69c0544933648ca27e63b3137e55\\\\\\u0022}\\u0022,\\u0022hmac\\u0022:\\u00221e066b60c6884b22eca1aa051ccc503cb0d34d1b86f7cc0676d71c4d1150067f\\u0022}\u0022},\u0022highwire\u0022:{\u0022ac\u0022:{\u0022\\\/jitc\\\/10\\\/12\\\/e005293.atom\u0022:{\u0022access\u0022:{\u0022full\u0022:true},\u0022pisa_id\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022apath\u0022:\u0022\\\/jitc\\\/10\\\/12\\\/e005293.atom\u0022,\u0022jcode\u0022:\u0022jitc\u0022}}},\u0022bmjj\u0022:{\u0022show_corresp\u0022:false},\u0022ajaxPageState\u0022:{\u0022js\u0022:{\u0022sites\\\/default\\\/modules\\\/jnl_template_bmjj\\\/plugins\\\/content_types\\\/js\\\/bmjj-contributors.js\u0022:1,\u0022sites\\\/all\\\/modules\\\/contrib\\\/panels_ajax_pane\\\/panels_ajax_pane.js\u0022:1}}});\n\/\/--\u003E\u003C!]]\u003E\n\u003C\/script\u003E\u003Clink type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/www.highwirestage.com\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__XqNETqO2KISUuux0IjZeixOTFnSk20iJyWcdyjFvJv0__V5XKdmT7SKbPMZ3oiYeZn3IKAzRNs6WzDcLxN472J6o__3qvfz4I9k5oUIeimOjbmdyh6ZgM-xweyVc5gub1_nR4.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-jnl-template-bmjj-art-info\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display highwire-1col-stacked-layout\u0022\u003E\n\t  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-row-wrapper panel-row-first clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022top-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-region-top\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022inside\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-article-crossmark\u0022\u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003C!-- Start CrossMark Snippet v2.0 --\u003E\n    \u003Ca data-target=\u0022crossmark\u0022 class=\u0022crossmark-square\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022https:\/\/crossmark-cdn.crossref.org\/widget\/v2.0\/logos\/CROSSMARK_Color_square.svg\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022crossmark-dialog\u0022 style=\u0022display: none;\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022\u003E\n    \u003C!-- the external CrossMark data is loaded inside this iframe --\u003E\n    \u003Ciframe id=\u0022crossmark-dialog-frame\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C!-- End CrossMark Snippet --\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-separator\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-bmjj-contributors author-ids col-narrow-12\u0022\u003E\n  \n        \u003Ch3 class=\u0022pane-title\u0022\u003EAuthors\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field-name-field-highwire-a-contributors field-type-text field-label-hidden\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-items\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-item even\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-list-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-list\u0022\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-contributors-list multiple-contrib\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022first odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003ESaad M\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EKhan\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-1\u0022\u003EDepartment of Neurosurgery\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-2\u0022\u003EWashington University in St Louis School of Medicine\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003ESt Louis\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Khan%20SM\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3ASaad%20M%20Khan%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022even\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003ERupen\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EDesai\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-1\u0022\u003EDepartment of Neurosurgery\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-2\u0022\u003EWashington University in St Louis School of Medicine\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003ESt Louis\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-contrib-id\u0022 data-contrib-id-type=\u0022orcid\u0022 data-authenticated=\u0022false\u0022 data-href=\u0022http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2052-7243\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Desai%20R\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3ARupen%20Desai%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003EAndrew\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003ECoxon\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-1\u0022\u003EDepartment of Neurosurgery\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-2\u0022\u003EWashington University in St Louis School of Medicine\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003ESt Louis\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Coxon%20A\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3AAndrew%20Coxon%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022even\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003EAlexandra\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003ELivingstone\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-3\u0022\u003EDepartment of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-4\u0022\u003EWashington University in St Louis School of Medicine\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003ESt Louis\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Livingstone%20A\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3AAlexandra%20Livingstone%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003EGavin P\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EDunn\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-5\u0022\u003EDepartment of Neurosurgery\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-6\u0022\u003EMassachusetts General Hospital\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003EBoston\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMassachusetts\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-contrib-id\u0022 data-contrib-id-type=\u0022orcid\u0022 data-authenticated=\u0022false\u0022 data-href=\u0022http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9302-4834\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Dunn%20GP\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3AGavin%20P%20Dunn%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022even\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003EAllegra\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EPetti\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-1\u0022\u003EDepartment of Neurosurgery\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-2\u0022\u003EWashington University in St Louis School of Medicine\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003ESt Louis\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Petti%20A\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3AAllegra%20Petti%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022last odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-given-names\u0022\u003ETanner M\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EJohanns\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-aff\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022department\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-3\u0022\u003EDepartment of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-institution\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022institution-4\u0022\u003EWashington University in St Louis School of Medicine\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022city\u0022\u003ESt Louis\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-addr-line\u0022 data-content-type=\u0022state\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-country\u0022\u003EUSA\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?access_num=Johanns%20TM\u0026amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EPubMed articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/google-scholar?author%5B0%5D=%22author%3ATanner%20M%20Johanns%22\u0026amp;gs_type=author\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022authour-link\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EGoogle scholar articles\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\n\t\u003C\/div\u003E \u003C!-- \/.panel-row-wrapper --\u003E\t\n\t  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-row-wrapper clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022content-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-region-content\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022inside\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation\u0022\u003E\n  \n        \u003Ch2 class=\u0022pane-title\u0022\u003ECitation\u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node40242\u0022 data-node-nid=\u002240242\u0022 id=\u0022node-40242--21378667459\u0022 data-pisa=\u0022jitc;10\/12\/e005293\u0022 data-pisa-master=\u0022jitc;jitc-2022-005293\u0022 data-apath=\u0022\/jitc\/10\/12\/e005293.atom\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-v1-cp clearfix bmjj-article-citation\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n    \t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-cite-authors\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-citation-authors\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-citation-author first\u0022 data-delta=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EKhan\u003C\/span\u003E SM\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-citation-author\u0022 data-delta=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003EDesai\u003C\/span\u003E R\u003C\/span\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-citation-author\u0022 data-delta=\u00222\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-surname\u0022\u003ECoxon\u003C\/span\u003E A\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022citation-et\u0022\u003E, et al\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-cite-title\u0022\u003EImpact of CD4 T cells on intratumoral CD8 T-cell exhaustion and responsiveness to PD-1 blockade therapy in mouse brain tumors\u003C\/div\u003E  \n      \n    \t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-cite-metadata bmjj-citation-metadata\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata\u0022\u003EJournal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer \u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-cite-metadata-year highwire-cite-metadata\u0022\u003E2022;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata\u0022\u003E10:\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-cite-metadata-elocation-id highwire-cite-metadata\u0022\u003Ee005293. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022label\u0022\u003Edoi:\u003C\/span\u003E 10.1136\/jitc-2022-005293 \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n  \n  \n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-separator\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-template-bmjj-art-pub-history\u0022\u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display highwire-1col-stacked-layout\u0022 id=\u0022mini-panel-jnl_template_bmjj_art_pub_history\u0022\u003E\n\t  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-row-wrapper clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022content-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-region-content\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022inside\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-pubdate bmjj-pub-date\u0022\u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field-name-field-highwire-a-epubdate field-type-datetime field-label-inline clearfix\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-label\u0022\u003EOnline issue publication\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-items\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-item even\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022date-display-single\u0022\u003EOctober 18, 2023\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\n\t\u003C\/div\u003E \u003C!-- \/.panel-row-wrapper --\u003E\t\n\t\n\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-separator\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-article-data-supp\u0022\u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022item-list\u0022\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022first last\u0022\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-separator\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-custom pane-1\u0022\u003E\n  \n        \u003Ch2 class=\u0022pane-title\u0022\u003ERequest permissions\u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EIf you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center\u0026rsquo;s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-separator\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-panels-ajax-pane-content pane-highwire-permission-link\u0022\u003E\n  \n        \u003Ch2 class=\u0022pane-title\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022panels-ajax-pane-title\u0022 data-pid=\u0022new-d5e9ecaa-460b-40c1-87fb-0dbcbc3a749d\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-pane panels-ajax-pane-new-d5e9ecaa-460b-40c1-87fb-0dbcbc3a749d\u0022 data-pid=\u0022new-d5e9ecaa-460b-40c1-87fb-0dbcbc3a749d\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-separator\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-copyright\u0022\u003E\n  \n        \u003Ch2 class=\u0022pane-title\u0022\u003ECopyright information\u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field-name-field-highwire-copyright field-type-text field-label-hidden\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-items\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-item even\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-copyright-statement\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u0026Acirc;\u0026copy; Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-license\u0022 data-license-type=\u0022open-access\u0022 data-xlink-href=\u0022http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022license-1\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ali-license_ref\u0022 data-start_date=\u00222022-12-21\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022nlm-p\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003EThis is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See \u003Ca class=\u0022nlm-ext-link\u0022 data-l-rel=\u0022related\u0022 data-l-ref-type=\u0022uri\u0022 data-l-ref=\u0022http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u0022 data-ext-link-type=\u0022uri\u0022 data-xlink-href=\u0022http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u0022 data-hwp-id=\u0022ext-link-1\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\n\t\u003C\/div\u003E \u003C!-- \/.panel-row-wrapper --\u003E\t\n\t\n\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022\/\/crossmark-cdn.crossref.org\/widget\/v2.0\/widget.js\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E\n"}