Imaging findings of IOVM and common lesions in the differential diagnosis
Diagnosis | CT Findings | MR Imaging Findings |
---|---|---|
IOVM | Expansile and well-circumscribedCortex intact, but thin/scallopedStippled internal trabeculae, or,Honeycomb/spoke wheel ossification | T2-very hyperintense, with internal stippled or striated signal voidT1 signal varies, thrombus may be brightT1 + gadolinium–avid enhancement |
Intraosseous meningioma | Dense marrow sclerosis and shaggy cortical hyperostosisExtraosseous soft tissue | T2 intermediateT1 + gadoliniumIntraosseous: ± enhancementExtraosseous: avid plaquelike enhancement |
Fibrous dysplasia | Ground-glass matrix, ± cystic or more sclerotic elements | T2 low-intermediate signal, though varies depending on cystic changeT1 + gadolinium: avid enhancement |
Metastasis, myeloma | No matrixCortical lysisMultiplicity | Variable, depending on primary tumor |
Lymphoma | No matrixHyperdense soft tissue | T2 intermediate, T1 + gadolinium: bland enhancementDiffusion-restriction, hypercellularity |
Chondrosarcoma | Rings/whorls of calcified matrixClassic location, petroclival | T2 marked hyperintensityEnhancement, variable but often mild |
Epidermoid cyst | Low densityNo internal matrix | T1-hypointense, T2-hyperintenseDiffusion restrictionNo internal enhancement |