Table 1:

Language task-based fMRI tasks

Language TaskDescription (Task and Control Condition)
ADDTTask: decide whether a sentence is true or false and taps leg if correct.
Control: listen to reverse speech and taps leg each time in response to hearing a beep
ACTTask: decide whether a list of words falls into a previously presented category (eg, animals) and taps leg when target word matches category.
Control: listen to reverse speech and taps leg each time in response to hearing a beep
VFTask: generate words from a series of letters, ie, must generate as many words covertly/silently in head that begin with a particular letter (5 letters presented per task block via MR imaging goggle system).
Control: constant right hand tapping during each 30-minute control block
SWGTask: generate verbs from a series of nouns, ie, must generate as many verbs covertly/silently from each noun presented (5 nouns presented per task block via MR imaging goggle system).
Control: constant left hand tapping during each 30-minute control block