Table 1:

Demographic and clinical characteristics of subgroups of patients with limbic encephalitis and their corresponding control groups

	GAD-LE	VGKC-LE	GAD-CON	VGKC-CON
Early group
No. (men)	23 (7)	25 (16)	23 (7)	25 (16)
Age at MR imaging (mean) (yr)	34.2 ± 11.2	59.5 ± 15.2	35.4 ± 10.6	57.2 ± 13.2
Time between onset^{^a} and scan (mean) (mo)	9.5 ± 7.4	7.6 ± 6.1	NA	NA
Interictal EEG lateralization	5/12/1/5	7/8/2/8	NA	NA
(n = right/left/bilateral/unclear)
No. of bilateral mesiotemporal FLAIR-T2-hyperintensities	2	5	NA	NA
No. of first-line immunotherapies	3	9	NA	NA
No. of second-line immunotherapies	0	1	NA	NA
Late group
No. (men)^{^b}	33 (10)	22 (10)	33 (10)	22 (10)
Age at MR imaging (mean) (yr)	33.9 ± 12.3	57.0 ± 16.8	34.4 ± 11.9	53.2 ± 13.2
Time between onset^{^a} and scan (mean) (mo)	62.5 ± 26.2	61.5 ± 23.6	NA	NA
Interictal EEG lateralization	5/11/3/12	4/8/1/9	NA	NA
(n = right/left/bilateral/unclear)
No. of bilateral mesiotemporal FLAIR-T2-hyperintensities	4	3	NA	NA
No. of first-line immunotherapies	14	18	NA	NA
No. of second-line immunotherapies	6	4	NA	NA

Note:—NA indicates not applicable; CON, matched healthy control group.
↵a Onset of the first limbic encephalitis–related symptom.
↵b Patients scanned repeatedly were included in both (early and late) study groups (repeat scans GAD-LE: n = 10; repeat scans VGKC-LE, n = 13).