Table 4:

2D contrast protocol

Name	TOF MRA Localizer	Oblique T1WI Localizer	Precontrast and Postcontrast^{^a} T1WI	3D-TOF	MPRAGE
Plaque feature	Localize artery	Localize bifurcation	Plaque burden and distribution, LRNC	Stenosis, ulceration, calcification	Intraplaque hemorrhage
Sequence^{^b}	FFE/SPGR	TSE/FSE	TSE/FSE	FFE/SPGR	IR-TFE/IR-FSPGR
Image mode	2D	2D	2D	3D	3D
Scan plane	Axial	Oblique	Axial	Axial	Axial
TR (ms)	25	2000	800	24	13
TE (ms)	4	8	10	Min	Min
FOV (cm)	16 × 12	16 × 16	16 × 16	16 × 16	16 × 16
Resolution (mm²)	0.63 × 0.83	0.63 × 0.63	0.63 × 0.63	0.63 × 0.63	0.63 × 0.63
Slice thickness (mm)	2	2	2	2/−1	2/−1
No. of slices	32	6	16	40	40
Blood suppression	Saturation–veins	MSDE	QIR^{^c}	Saturation–veins	No^{^d}
Special parameters	Flip angle = 40°	Echo-train = 14; 3 slices/TR	Echo-train = 10	Flip angle = 20°	Flip angle = 15°, turbo factor = 30, TI = 500 ms, IRTR = 800 ms
Fat suppression	No	Yes	Yes	No	Water excitation

Note:—QIR indicates quadruple inversion recovery.
↵a Clinical CE-MRA per institutional protocol can be used before postcontrast sequence.
↵b Siemens/Philips/GE acronyms.
↵c Double inversion recovery can be used, but blood suppression may be incomplete, and inversion time is a variable dependent on patient and contrast bolus.
↵d Pulse gating not required for any sequence.