Optimal thresholds obtained from ROC curves and sensitivity/specificity to predict local failurea
| Texture Parameter | AUC | Cutoff Point | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Accuracy (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Histogram | |||||||
| Mean | 0.67 (0.54–0.81) | >1102 | 50.2 (28.2–71.7) | 82.5 (67.2–92.6) | 64.7 | 73.3 | 71.0 |
| SD | 0.70 (0.56–0.84) | <252.9 | 40.9 (20.7–63.7) | 92.5 (79.6–98.4) | 74.0 | 75.0 | 74.2 |
| Geometric mean | 0.71 (0.57–0.85) | >920.6 | 36.4 (17.2–59.3) | 92.5 (79.6–98.4) | 72.7 | 72.7 | 72.6 |
| Harmonic mean | 0.71 (0.58–0.85) | >243.4 | 36.4 (17.2–59.3) | 95.0 (83.1–99.4) | 80.0 | 73.1 | 74.2 |
| Fourth moment | 0.69 (0.55–0.83) | <4.65e10 | 40.9 (20.7–63.6) | 92.5 (79.6–98.4) | 74.0 | 75.0 | 74.2 |
| GLRL | |||||||
| SRE | 0.79 (0.68–0.91) | <0.0341 | 36.4 (17.2–59.3) | 95.0 (83.1–99.4) | 80.0 | 73.1 | 74.2 |
| LRE | 0.80 (0.69–0.91) | <0.0332 | 63.6 (40.7–82.8) | 80.0 (64.4–90.9) | 63.6 | 80.0 | 74.2 |
| GLN | 0.80 (0.69–0.92) | <0.0408 | 68.2 (45.1–86.1) | 80.0 (64.4–90.9) | 65.2 | 82.1 | 75.8 |
| RLNb | 0.82 (0.72–0.92) | <0.0329 | 77.3 (58.8–87.3) | 77.5 (54.6–92.2) | 65.4 | 86.1 | 77.4 |
| RP | 0.71 (0.57–0.84) | >433.3 | 72.7 (49.8–89.3) | 65.0 (48.3–79.4) | 53.3 | 81.3 | 67.7 |
| LGRE | 0.73 (0.60–0.85) | >440 | 81.8 (59.7–94.8) | 62.5 (45.8–77.3) | 54.6 | 86.2 | 69.4 |
| HGRE | 0.74 (0.61–0.87) | >433.9 | 54.6 (32.2–75.6) | 85.0 (70.2–94.3) | 66.7 | 77.3 | 74.2 |
| SRLGE | 0.72 (0.59–0.86) | >444.2 | 77.3 (54.6–92.2) | 37.5 (50.9–81.4) | 56.7 | 84.4 | 71.0 |
Note:—LRE indicates long-run emphasis; RP, run percentage; LGRE, low gray-level run emphasis; HGRE, high gray-level run emphasis; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; ROC, receiver operating characteristic.
↵a Numbers in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals.
↵b AUC of the RLN was significantly better than that of mean (P = .022). The differences with other selected texture features were not significant (P > .05).