Characteristics of identified vascular injections
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Distance from needle tip to vessel | ||
| <1 cm only | 11 | 30% |
| >1 cm only | 2 | 5% |
| Both <1 cm and >1 cm | 23 | 62% |
| Immediate washout (vessel not seen) | 1 | 3% |
| Combined epidural injection | ||
| Vascular only | 25 | 68% |
| Epidural + vascular | 12 | 32% |
| Washout pattern | ||
| None | 0 | 0% |
| Delayed | 32 | 86% |
| Immediate | 5 | 14% |
| Vessel type | ||
| Definite venous (n = 5) | 4 | 11% |
| Probable venous (n = 4) | 27 | 73% |
| Indeterminate (n = 3) | 4 | 11% |
| Probable arterial (n = 2) | 2 | 5% |
| Definite arterial (n = 1) | 0 | 0% |