Etiologies of 3 territory diffusion-weighted lesions
No. | Clinical/MR Imaging, DWI, Enhancement Features | |
---|---|---|
Suspected etiology (n = 29) | ||
Trauma | 1 | History of trauma, imaging-associated sequelae of trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, shear pattern |
Demyelinating | 1 | Age, history of multiple sclerosis, periventricular/corpus callosum predilection |
Hypoxic-ischemic | 5 | Hypotension, deep nuclei and cortical ribbon involvement |
Metastasis | 3 | History of malignancy and/or ring or enhancing lesion |
Seizure | 1 | Seizures, deep nuclei and/or cortical ribbon enhancement |
HIV-related (n = 2) | ||
Toxoplasmosis | 1 | HIV, periventricular, ring, enhancing, target sign, rarely shows restricted diffusion |
Fungal abscess | 1 | HIV, ring, enhancing, numerous restricted-diffusion lesions |
Cerebral emboli (n = 10) | ||
Endocarditis | 4 | Fever, leukocytosis, murmur, ring, enhancing |
Air | 1 | Followed esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
Fat | 1 | Followed long bone fracture |
Atrial fibrillation | 2 | No source other than atrial fibrillation found |
Aortic atheroma | 1 | Significant arch atheroma noted |
Aortic dissection | 1 | Patient had concomitant aortic dissection |
Postoperative (n = 6) | ||
Aneurysm coiling | 1 | Symptoms developed postoperatively |
Cardiac surgery | 4 | Symptoms developed postoperatively |
Aortic aneurysm repair | 1 | Symptoms developed postoperatively |
Not suspected (n = 10) | ||
Malignancy-related | 9 | Lung (n = 4), colon (n = 2), renal (n = 1), pancreas (n = 1), bladder (n = 1) |
Intravascular lymphoma | 1 | Proven by brain biopsy |
Indeterminate (n = 2) | ||
Incomplete history | 1 | Lost to follow-up |
Multiple etiologies | 1 | Possible fat emboli vs Trousseau syndrome |