PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Huang, W. AU - Cai, J. AU - Lin, N. AU - Xu, Y. AU - Wang, H. AU - Wu, Z. AU - Kang, D. TI - Identification of <em>BRAF p. V600E</em>-Mutant and Wild-Type by MR Imaging in Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma and Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma AID - 10.3174/ajnr.A7324 DP - 2021 Dec 01 TA - American Journal of Neuroradiology PG - 2152--2159 VI - 42 IP - 12 4099 - http://www.ajnr.org/content/42/12/2152.short 4100 - http://www.ajnr.org/content/42/12/2152.full SO - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2021 Dec 01; 42 AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Compared with BRAF p. V600E wild-type pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, BRAF p. V600E-mutant pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma showed a higher survival rate. In this study, we focused on finding preoperative MR imaging differences between BRAF p. V600E mutant and wild-type in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients with pathologically confirmed pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma or anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed from January 2015 to December 2020. They were divided into a BRAF p. V600E-mutant group (including 6 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas and 5 anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas) and a wild-type group (including 8 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas and 4 anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas). The preoperative MR imaging characteristics of these groups were statistically compared.RESULTS: The wild-type pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma group presented with more aggressive conventional and advanced MR imaging features than the mutant pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma group, including greater mean maximum tumor diameter (3.1 [SD, 0.9] cm versus 1.7 [SD, 0.4 ] cm, P &lt; .05), more frequent heterogeneous contrast enhancement of solid portions (100% versus 0%, P &lt; .001), more obvious peritumoral edema (mean, [2.1 SD, 0.7] cm versus 0.6 [SD, 0.2] cm, P &lt; .01), and lower mean minimum relative ADC (896 [SD, 86] versus 988 [SD, 73], P &lt; .05) and mean relative ADC (1060 [SD, 159] versus 1248 [SD, 116], P &lt; .05) on DWI. However, there was no significant difference in either conventional or advanced MR imaging features between the wild-type anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma group and the mutant anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma group.CONCLUSIONS: Neurosurgeons should carefully interpret MR images before an operation and select appropriate surgical strategies according to genotype prediction.ADCmeanmean relative ADCADCminminimum relative ADCAPXAanaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomaPXApleomorphic xanthoastrocytomaWHOWorld Health Organization