RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Reduced Cortical Thickness Correlates of Cognitive Dysfunction in Post-COVID-19 Condition: Insights from a Long-Term Follow-up JF American Journal of Neuroradiology JO Am. J. Neuroradiol. FD American Society of Neuroradiology SP 647 OP 654 DO 10.3174/ajnr.A8167 VO 45 IS 5 A1 Dacosta-Aguayo, Rosalia A1 Puig, Josep A1 Lamonja-Vicente, Noemi A1 Carmona-Cervelló, Meritxell A1 León-Gómez, Brenda Biaani A1 Monté-Rubio, Gemma A1 López-Linfante, Victor M. A1 Zamora-Putin, Valeria A1 Montero-Alia, Pilar A1 Chacon, Carla A1 Bielsa, Jofre A1 Moreno-Gabriel, Eduard A1 Garcia-Sierra, Rosa A1 Pachón, Alba A1 Costa, Anna A1 Mataró, Maria A1 Prado, Julia G. A1 Martinez-Cáceres, Eva A1 Mateu, Lourdes A1 Massanella, Marta A1 Violán, Concepción A1 Torán-Monserrat, Pere A1 for the Aliança ProHEpiC-19 Cognitiu (The APC Collaborative Group) YR 2024 UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/45/5/647.abstract AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is a paucity of data on long-term neuroimaging findings from individuals who have developed the post-coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) condition. Only 2 studies have investigated the correlations between cognitive assessment results and structural MR imaging in this population. This study aimed to elucidate the long-term cognitive outcomes of participants with the post-COVID-19 condition and to correlate these cognitive findings with structural MR imaging data in the post-COVID-19 condition.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort of 53 participants with the post-COVID-19 condition underwent 3T brain MR imaging with T1 and FLAIR sequences obtained a median of 1.8 years after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was used to assess several cognitive domains in the same individuals. Correlations between cognitive domains and whole-brain voxel-based morphometry were performed. Different ROIs from FreeSurfer were used to perform the same correlations with other neuroimaging features.RESULTS: According to the Frascati criteria, more than one-half of the participants had deficits in the attentional (55%, n = 29) and executive (59%, n = 31) domains, while 40% (n = 21) had impairment in the memory domain. Only 1 participant (1.89%) showed problems in the visuospatial and visuoconstructive domains. We observed that reduced cortical thickness in the left parahippocampal region (t(48) = 2.28, P = .03) and the right caudal-middle-frontal region (t(48) = 2.20, P = .03) was positively correlated with the memory domain.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that cognitive impairment in individuals with the post-COVID-19 condition is associated with long-term alterations in the structure of the brain. These macrostructural changes may provide insight into the nature of cognitive symptoms.BMIbody mass indexCOVID-19coronavirus disease 2019PCCpost-COVID-19 conditionreproaReproducibility AnalysisSARS-CoV-2Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2WAISWechsler Adult Intelligence ScaleWHOWorld Health Organization