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Research ArticleAdult Brain

Prospective Comparison of T1-SPACE and MPRAGE for the Identification of Intrinsic T1 Hyperintensity in Patients with Intracranial Melanoma Metastases

Arian Lasocki, Stephen L. Stuckey, Lauren Caspersz, Jing Xie and Grant A. McArthur
American Journal of Neuroradiology September 2023, 44 (9) 1039-1044; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7975
Arian Lasocki
aFrom the Department of Cancer Imaging (A.L., S.L.S., L.C.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
bSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology (A.L., S.L.S., G.A.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
cDepartment of Radiology (A.L.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Stephen L. Stuckey
aFrom the Department of Cancer Imaging (A.L., S.L.S., L.C.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
dSchool of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health (S.L.S.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
eDepartment of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences (S.L.S.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Lauren Caspersz
aFrom the Department of Cancer Imaging (A.L., S.L.S., L.C.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Jing Xie
fCentre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials (J.X.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Grant A. McArthur
bSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology (A.L., S.L.S., G.A.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
gDepartment of Medical Oncology (G.A.M.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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    FIG 1.

    SWI (left column), precontrast T1-SPACE (middle column), and precontrast MPRAGE (right column) images demonstrating the determination of the cause of T1H. In the first patient (A–C), there is a small intracranial melanoma metastasis (arrowheads) at the medial margin of the right paracentral lobule demonstrating T1H (B and C), but no magnetic susceptibility (A), thus consistent with melanin. A cerebellar vermian lesion (dotted circles) with central T1H in the second patient (D–F) demonstrates magnetic susceptibility throughout the lesion (D), thus the T1H is potentially entirely attributable to blood products. In the third patient (G–I), there is a small area of magnetic susceptibility at the anteromedial aspect of the lesion (G, arrow), but the remainder of the T1H (H and I, arrows) does not have associated magnetic susceptibility, consistent with a combination of melanin and blood products. In all 3 examples, the T1H is similarly conspicuous on T1-SPACE as MPRAGE.

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    FIG 2.

    Precontrast T1-SPACE (left column) and precontrast MPRAGE (right column) images demonstrating differing conspicuity of IMM. In the first patient (A and B), 2 IMM (arrows) are less conspicuous on T1-SPACE (A) compared with MPRAGE (B). In another patient (C and D), a right frontal cortical intracranial melanoma metastasis (arrowhead) is more conspicuous on T1-SPACE (C) than on MPRAGE (D), albeit subtle on both sequences.

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    FIG 3.

    Precontrast MPRAGE (A), postcontrast MPRAGE (B), and postcontrast T1-SPACE (C) images showing 2 left parietal IMM demonstrating T1H (arrowheads), which are most conspicuous on the precontrast MPRAGE images (A). They are relatively less obvious on the postcontrast MPRAGE image (B) due to the enhancement of normal vessels and are barely visible on postcontrast T1-SPACE (C).

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Background data

    Data
    Total patients18
    Total examinations20
     Male9 (50.0%)
     Female9 (50.0%)
    Age (yr)
     Median58
     Range27–87
    Total IMM214
     Median2
     Range1–141
    Primary site
     Metastases of unknown primary5
     Lower limb4
     Neck2
     Back2
     Chest wall2
     Shoulder1
     Ear1
     Conjunctiva1
    • View popup
    Table 2:

    MR imaging assessment results for both readers

    Reader 1Reader 2Average (%)
    Cause of T1H
     Melanin only179 (83.6%)170 (79.4%)81.5%
     Blood products only26 (12.1%)22 (10.3%)11.2%
     Both melanin and blood7 (3.3%)13 (6.1%)4.7%
     Artifacts2 (0.9%)9 (4.2%)2.6%
    Relative conspicuity (overall)
     Only seen on T1-SPACE1 (0.5%)0 (0%)0.2%
     Better on T1-SPACE1 (0.5%)4 (1.9%)1.2%
     Similar conspicuity31 (14.5%)41 (19.2%)16.8%
     Better on MPRAGE123 (57.5%)122 (57.0%)57.2%
     Only seen on MPRAGE58 (27.1%)47 (22.0%)24.5%
    Relative conspicuity (melanin)
     Only seen on T1-SPACE0 (0%)0 (0%)0.0%
     Better on T1-SPACE1 (0.6%)2 (1.2%)0.9%
     Similar conspicuity19 (10.6%)29 (17.1%)13.8%
     Better on MPRAGE114 (63.7%)98 (57.6%)60.7%
     Only seen on MPRAGE45 (25.1%)41 (24.1%)24.6%
    Relative conspicuity (blood)
     Only seen on T1-SPACE1 (3.8%)0 (0%)1.9%
     Better on T1-SPACE0 (0%)1 (4.3%)2.2%
     Similar conspicuity6 (23.1%)6 (26.1%)24.6%
     Better on MPRAGE7 (26.9%)12 (52.2%)39.5%
     Only seen on MPRAGE12 (46.2%)4 (17.4%)31.8%
    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Interobserver agreement for comparing the conspicuity of T1H between T1-SPACE and MPRAGE

    Reader 2
    Better or Only on MPRAGESimilar ConspicuityBetter or Only on T1-SPACETotal
    Reader 1Better or only on MPRAGE164 (76.6%)17 (7.9%)0181 (84.6%)
    Similar conspicuity5 (2.3%)24 (11.2%)2 (0.9%)31 (14.4%)
    Better or only on T1-SPACE002 (0.9%)2 (0.9%)
    Total169 (79.0%)41 (19.2%)4 (1.9%)214
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 44 (9)
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Vol. 44, Issue 9
1 Sep 2023
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Cite this article
Arian Lasocki, Stephen L. Stuckey, Lauren Caspersz, Jing Xie, Grant A. McArthur
Prospective Comparison of T1-SPACE and MPRAGE for the Identification of Intrinsic T1 Hyperintensity in Patients with Intracranial Melanoma Metastases
American Journal of Neuroradiology Sep 2023, 44 (9) 1039-1044; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A7975

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T1-SPACE vs MPRAGE for Intrinsic T1 Hyperintensity
Arian Lasocki, Stephen L. Stuckey, Lauren Caspersz, Jing Xie, Grant A. McArthur
American Journal of Neuroradiology Sep 2023, 44 (9) 1039-1044; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A7975
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